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in question was himself the murderer, and the mother was entirely guiltless, as, after her conviction, she herself declared in court_. [47] Dr. Karl Hagen, "Deutschlands Literarische und Religioese Verhaeltnisse im Reformationszeitalter." Frankfurt-on-the-Main, 1868. [48] II., 146, Jena, 1522. [49] Dr. Karl Hagen. [50] Jacob Grimm informs us ("Deutsche Rechtsalterthuemer. Weisthum aus dem Amte Blankenburg"): "Daer ein Man were, der sinen echten wive ver frowelik recht niet gedoin konde, der sall si sachtelik op sinen ruggen setten und draegen sie over negen erstnine und setten sie sachtelik neder sonder stoeten, slaen und werpen und sonder enig quaed woerd of oevel sehen, und roipen dae sine naebur aen, dat sie inne sines wives lives noet helpen weren, und of sine naebur dat niet doen wolden of kunden, so sall be si senden up die neiste kermisse daerbl gelegen und dat sie sik sueverlik toe make und verzere und hangen oer einen buidel wail mit golde bestikt up die side, dat sie selft wat gewerven kunde: kumpt sie dannoch wider ungeholpen, so help oer dar der duifel." As appears from Grimm, the German peasant of the Middle Ages looked in marriage, first of all, for _heirs_. If he was unable himself to beget these, he then, as a practical man, left the pleasure, without special scruples, to some one else. The main thing was to gain his object. We repeat it: Man does not rule property, property rules him. [51] Johann Janssen, "Geschichte des Deutschen Volkes," 1525-1555, Freiburg. [52] Which is perfectly correct, and also explainable, seeing that the Bible appeared at a time when polygamy extended far and wide among the peoples of the Orient and the Occident. In the sixteenth century, however, it was in strong contradiction with the standard of morality. [53] Johann Janssen. [54] Johann Janssen. Vol. III. [55] Dr. Karl Buecher, "Die Frauenfrage im Mittelalter." [56] Johann Scherr: "Geschichte der Deutschen Frauenwelt." [57] Karl Kautsky, "Ueber den Einfluss der Volksvermehrung auf den Fortschritt der Gesellschaft." Vienna, 1880. PART II WOMAN IN THE PRESENT CHAPTER I. SEXUAL INSTINCTS, WEDLOCK, CHECKS AND OBSTRUCTIONS TO MARRIAGE. Plato thanked the gods for eight favors bestowed upon him. As the first, he took it that they had granted him to be born a freeman, and not a slave; the second was that he was created
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