ries: hunting and fishing,
those industries of which the object is the immediate search for prey;
and to these may be added those which are related to them as re-action
is to action--that is to say, the industries of which the effect is to
provide for the immediate safety of the individual.

Then in an exposition parallel to the march of progress followed by
human civilisations, we shall study among animals the art of
collecting provisions, of domesticating and exploiting flocks, of
reducing their fellows to slavery.

Finally, we shall investigate the series of modifications which the
dwelling undergoes, and we shall see how certain species, after having
constructed admirably-arranged houses, know how to make them healthy,
and how to defend them against attacks from without.

CHAPTER II.

HUNTING--FISHING--WARS AND EXPEDITIONS.

THE CARNIVORA MORE SKILFUL HUNTERS THAN THE
HERBIVORA--DIFFERENT METHODS OF HUNTING--HUNTING IN
AMBUSH--THE BAITED AMBUSH--HUNTING IN THE DWELLING OR IN THE
BURROW--COURSING--STRUGGLES THAT TERMINATE THE HUNT--HUNTING
WITH PROJECTILES--PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES PUT TO
PROFIT--METHODS FOR UTILISING THE CAPTURED GAME--WAR AND
BRIGANDAGE--EXPEDITIONS TO ACQUIRE SLAVES--WARS OF THE ANTS.

_The Carnivora more skilful hunters than the Herbivora._--The search
for food has necessarily been the cause of the earliest industries
among animals. It is easy to understand that the herbivora need little
ingenuity in seeking nourishment; they are so superior to their prey
that they can obtain it and feed on it by the sole fact of an
organisation adapted to its assimilation. They are, it is true, at the
mercy of circumstances over which they have no control, and which lead
to famine. The carnivora also may have to suffer from the absence of
prey, but even in the most favourable seasons, and in the regions
where the animals on which they live abound, it is necessary to them
to develop a special activity to obtain possession of beings who are
suspicious, prompt in flight, and as fleet as themselves. Thus it is
among these that we expect to find the art of hunting most cultivated;
especially if we put aside the more grossly carnivorous of them, whose
whole organisation is adapted for rapid and effective results.

_Different methods of hunting._--Like Man, some animals hunt in ambush
or by coursing; others know how to overturn the desired victim by
throwing some object at i