opean Conditions--Louis XIV.--War
of the "Spanish Succession"--Marlborough
Checks Louis at Blenheim--Archduke Abandons
Sovereignty in Spain--Peace of Utrecht--Further
Dismemberment of Spain--Gibraltar
Passes to England--Bourbon Dynasty--Commences
with Philip V.--Ferdinand VI.--Carlos
III.--Expulsion of the Jesuits, 131

CHAPTER XXI.
A Dismantled Kingdom--Spanish-American Colonies--England
and France at War over American
Boundaries--Spain the Ally of France--Loss
of Some of Her West India Islands, and
Capture of Havana and Manila by British--Florida
Given in Exchange for Return of Conquered
Territory--Growing Irritation against
England--France Aids American Colonies in
War with England--Spain's Satisfaction at
Their Success--Its Effect in Peru--Revolution
in France--Rapid Rise of Napoleon--Carlos IV.
Removed and Joseph Bonaparte King--Spain
Joins Napoleon in War against England--Trafalgar--Arthur
Wellesley--Joseph Flees from His Kingdom, 137

CHAPTER XXII.
Liberal Sentiment Developing--Constitution of
1812--Ferdinand VI. and Reactionary Measures--Revolt
of all the Spanish-American
Colonies--The Holy Alliance--The Monroe
Doctrine--Revolution in Spain--Spain under
the Protectorate of the Holy Alliance--Ferdinand
Reinstated--Two Political Parties--Six
Spanish-American Colonies Freed, 144

CHAPTER XXIII.
The Salic Law and the Princess Isabella--The
Carlists--Regency of Christine--Isabella II.--Her
Expulsion from Spain--Amadeo--An Era
of Republicanism--Castelar--Alfonso XII. Recalled--His
Brief Reign and Death--Alfonso XIII., 150

CHAPTER XXIV.
Birth of an Insurgent Party in Cuba--Ten Years'
War--Impossible Reforms Promised--Revolution
Started by Jose Marti, 1895--Attitude of
the American Government--General Weyler's
Methods--Effect upon Sentiment in America--Destruction
of the Battle-Ship _Maine_--Verdict
of Court of Inquiry--War Declared between
Spain and America--Victories of Manila and in
Cuba--Terms of Peace--Marriage of Alfonso
XIII. and the Princess Ena, 154

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Charles V. _Frontispiece_

FACING PAGE

Columbus at the Court of Ferdinand and Isabella 108

The Surrender of Breda 118

Philip IV. of Spain 126

Heroic Combat in