ged; she never forgave him for marrying a woman beneath him; letters
by Goethe to her were published in successive editions, but hers to him
were destroyed by her (1742-1827).

STEINMETZ, CARL FRIEDRICH VON, Prussian general, born at Eisenach;
distinguished himself in the war of 1813-1814, and inflicted crushing
defeats on the Austrians in 1866; fell below his reputation in the
Franco-German War, and was deprived of his command after the battle of
Gravelotte, but was elected Governor-General of Posen and Silesia
(1796-1877).

STEINTHAL, HEYMANN, German philologist, born at Groebzig, in Anhalt;
studied at Berlin, where in 1863 he became professor of Comparative
Philology, and in 1872 lecturer at the Jewish High School on Old
Testament Criticism and Theology; author of various learned and acute
works on the science of language; _b_. 1823.

STELLA, the name under which Swift has immortalised Hester Johnson,
the story of whose life is inseparably entwined with that of the great
Dean; was the daughter of a lady-companion of Lady Gifford, the sister of
Sir William Temple, who, it is conjectured, was her father. Swift first
met her, a child of seven, when he assumed the duties of amanuensis to
Sir William Temple in 1688, and during his subsequent residence with Sir
William (1696-1699) stood to her in the progressive relationship of
tutor, friend, and lover; but for some unaccountable reason it would seem
they never married, although their mutual affection and intimacy endured
till her death; to her was addressed, without thought of publication, the
immortal "Journal to Stella," "the most faithful and fascinating diary
the world has ever seen," which throws an invaluable flood of light on
the character of Swift, revealing unsuspected tendernesses and affections
in the great satirist (1681-1728).

STENCILLING, a cheap and simple process of printing on various
surfaces letters or designs; the characters are cut out in thin plates of
metal or card-board, which are then laid on the surface to be imprinted,
and the colour, by means of a brush, rubbed through the cut spaces.

STENO, NICHOLAS, a noted anatomist, born at Copenhagen, where he
studied medicine and kindred sciences with great enthusiasm; became
widely known in European medical circles by his important investigations
into the natural functions of glands (salivary and parotid), the heart,
brain, &c.; in 1667 became physician to the Grand-Duke of Tuscany,
resi