barrier of the Highlands, the Grampians, and the Southern
Lennox, Ochil, and Sidlaw Hills; in a more restricted sense denotes the
plain between Perth and Brechin.

STRATHPEFFER, a watering-place in Ross and Cromarty, 5 m. W. of
Dingwall, a great health-resort, and much frequented on account of its
mineral waters and bracing air and other attractions.

STRAUSS, DAVID FRIEDRICH, German theological and biblical critic,
born at Ludwigsburg, in Wuertemberg; studied in the Theological Institute
of Tuebingen under Baur, was ordained in 1830, and went in 1834 to Berlin
to attend the lectures of Hegel and Schleiermacher, and returning to
Tuebingen gave lectures on Hegel in 1832, he the while maturing his famous
theory which, published in 1835, made his name known over the whole
theological world; this was his "Leben Jesu," the first volume of which
appeared that year, in which he maintained that, while the life of Christ
had a historical basis, all the supernatural element in it and the
accounts of it were simply and purely mythical, and the fruit of the idea
of His person as Divine which at the foundation of the Christian religion
took possession of the mind of the Church; the book proved epoch-making,
and the influence of it, whether as accepted or as rejected, affected, as
it still does, the whole theology of the Church; the effect of it was a
shock to the whole Christian world, for it seemed as if with the denial
of the supernatural the whole Christian system fell to pieces; and its
author found the entire Christian world opposed to him, and he was cast
out of the service of the Church; this, however, did not daunt his
ardour, for he never abandoned the ground he had taken up; his last work
was entitled "Der Alte und der Neue Glaube," in which he openly
repudiates the Christian religion, and assigns the sovereign authority in
spiritual matters to science and its handmaid art. In a spiritual
reference the whole contention of Strauss against Christianity is a
tissue of irrelevancies, for the spirit of it, which is its life and
essence, is true whatever conclusion critics in their seraphic wisdom may
come to regarding the facts (1808-1874).

STRAUSS, JOHANN, musical composer, born at Vienna; was a musical
conductor and composer, chiefly of waltz music.

STREATHAM (48), a Surrey suburb of London, 61/2 m. SW. of St. Paul's.

STREET, GEORGE EDMUND, architect, born in Essex; was the architect
of the New Law Courts in