Ocean); 3 operational international gateway
exchanges (1 at Karachi and 2 at Islamabad); microwave radio relay
to neighboring countries (1999)

Palau:
general assessment: NA

domestic: NA

international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)

Panama:
general assessment: domestic and international facilities
well developed

domestic: NA

international: 1 coaxial submarine cable; satellite earth stations
- 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to the Central American
Microwave System

Papua New Guinea:
general assessment: services are adequate and
being improved; facilities provide radiotelephone and telegraph,
coastal radio, aeronautical radio, and international radio
communication services

domestic: mostly radiotelephone

international: submarine cables to Australia and Guam; satellite
earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean); international radio
communication service

Paraguay:
general assessment: meager telephone service; principal
switching center is Asuncion

domestic: fair microwave radio relay network

international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

Peru:
general assessment: adequate for most requirements

domestic: nationwide microwave radio relay system and a domestic
satellite system with 12 earth stations

international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic
Ocean); Pan American submarine cable

Philippines:
general assessment: good international radiotelephone
and submarine cable services; domestic and interisland service
adequate

domestic: domestic satellite system with 11 earth stations

international: 9 international gateways; satellite earth stations -
3 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 2 Pacific Ocean); submarine cables to
Hong Kong, Guam, Singapore, Taiwan, and Japan

Pitcairn Islands:
general assessment: only party line telephone
service is available for this small, closely related community

domestic: party line service only

international: radiotelephone

Poland:
general assessment: underdeveloped and outmoded system;
government aimed to have 10 million telephones in service by 2000;
the process of partial privatization of the state-owned telephone
monopoly has begun; in 1998 there were over 2 million applicants on
the waiting list for telephone service

domestic: cable, open wire, and microwave radio r