enforcing the payment of sums
due the royal treasury on account of the galleon trade, in which
the religious orders were heavily interested, Governor Fernando de
Bustillos Bustamente y Rueda met a violent death at the hands of a
mob headed by friars, October 11, 1719. See Blair and Robertson,
_The Philippine Islands_, Vol. XLIV; Montero y Vidal, _Historia
General de Filipinas_, Vol. I, Chap. XXXV.--TR.

[23] A reference to the fact that the clerical party in Spain refused
to accept the decree of Ferdinand VII setting aside the Salic law
and naming his daughter Isabella as his successor, and, upon the
death of Ferdinand, supported the claim of the nearest male heir,
Don Carlos de Bourbon, thus giving rise to the Carlist movement. Some
writers state that severe measures had to be adopted to compel many
of the friars in the Philippines to use the feminine pronoun in their
prayers for the sovereign, just whom the reverend gentlemen expected
to deceive not being explained.--TR.

[24] An apothegm equivalent to the English, "He'll never set any
rivers on fire."--TR.

[25] The name of a Carlist leader in Spain.--TR.

[26] A German Franciscan monk who is said to have invented gunpowder
about 1330.

[27] "He says that he doesn't want it when it is exactly what he
does want." An expression used in the mongrel Spanish-Tagalog
'market language' of Manila and Cavite, especially among the
children,--somewhat akin to the English 'sour grapes.'--TR.

[28] Arms should yield to the toga (military to civil power). Arms
should yield to the surplice (military to religious power),--TR.

[29] For _Peninsula_, i.e., Spain. The change of _n_ to _n_ was common
among ignorant Filipinos.--TR.

[30] The syllables which constitute the first reading lesson in
Spanish primers.--TR.

[31] A Spanish colloquial term ("cracked"), applied to a native of
Spain who was considered to be mentally unbalanced from too long
residence in the islands,--TR.

[32] This celebrated Lady was first brought from Acapulco, Mexico,
by Juan Nino de Tabora, when he came to govern the Philippines in
1626. By reason of her miraculous powers of allaying the storms she was
carried back and forth in the state galleons on a number of voyages,
until in 1672 she was formally installed in a church in the hills
northeast of Manila, under the care of the Augustinian Fathers. While
her shrine was building she is said to have appeared to the faithful in
the top of a large bre