to study Sanskrit literature and comment on the Vedas, and which
used this right solely for its own advantage.

Long before the time of such Orientalists as Burnouf, Colebrooke and Max
Muller, there have been in India many reformers who tried to prove the
pure monotheism of the Vedic doctrines. There have even been founders
of new religions who denied the revelations of these scriptures; for
instance, the Raja Ram Mohun Roy, and, after him, Babu Keshub Chunder
Sen, both Calcutta Bengalees. But neither of them had much success. They
did nothing but add new denominations to the numberless sects existing
in India. Ram Mohun Roy died in England, having done next to nothing,
and Keshub Chunder Sen, having founded the community of "Brahmo-Samaj,"
which professes a religion extracted from the depths of the Babu's own
imagination, became a mystic of the most pronounced type, and now
is only "a berry from the same field," as we say in Russia, as the
Spiritualists, by whom he is considered to be a medium and a Calcutta
Swedenborg. He spends his time in a dirty tank, singing praises to
Chaitanya, Koran, Buddha, and his own person, proclaiming himself their
prophet, and performs a mystical dance, dressed in woman's attire,
which, on his part, is an attention to a "woman goddess" whom the Babu
calls his "mother, father and eldest brother."

In short, all the attempts to re-establish the pure primitive monotheism
of Aryan India have been a failure. They always got wrecked upon the
double rock of Brahmanism and of prejudices centuries old. But lo! here
appears unexpectedly the pandit Dayanand. None, even of the most
beloved of his disciples, knows who he is and whence he comes. He openly
confesses before the crowds that the name under which he is known is not
his, but was given to him at the Yogi initiation.

The mystical school of Yogis was established by Patanjali, the founder
of one of the six philosophical systems of ancient India. It is supposed
that the Neo-platonists of the second and third Alexandrian Schools were
the followers of Indian Yogis, more especially was their theurgy brought
from India by Pythagoras, according to the tradition. There still exist
in India hundreds of Yogis who follow the system of Patanjali, and
assert that they are in communion with Brahma. Nevertheless, most of
them are do-nothings, mendicants by profession, and great frauds, thanks
to the insatiable longing of the natives for miracles. The real Y