ignated individual.

This is the method common to all highly organized and self-conscious
societies that are not dominated by a system of hereditary caste rule.
Public officials in most of the countries of the world, officials of
trade unions and other voluntary associations are usually selected in
this manner.

The selection of executive leadership in any organized society must be
through heredity or through group choice. Self-selection is necessarily
confined to new or temporary or loosely organized groups.

9. _The Details of Organization_

These general principles of economic self-government may be applied to
local, district, divisional and to world economic groupings. To be sure
the application, in each instance, will be varied in accordance with the
peculiar needs in question, but a general scheme of procedure may be
suggested somewhat as follows:

1. SUGGESTIONS FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF A LOCAL ECONOMIC UNIT IN A
GIVEN INDUSTRY--A MINE, FACTORY, STORE--

a. The entire working force would meet at regular intervals, in a
shop meeting, or colliery meeting, or store meeting, to transact
general business.

b. At such a meeting a shop committee selected by those present,
would be charged with the responsibility of directing affairs in the
shop that had selected it. The shop committee would consist of a
small group, varying in size with the size of shop, under the
chairmanship of a person selected by the workers at the same time
they elected the committee.

c. This chairman of the shop committee would be called the shop
chairman. His duties would correspond roughly with those of the
present-day foreman, or with those of the shop-steward or shop
chairman in some of the more advanced of the British industries. In
reality this shop chairman would be the shop executive, holding
office while he could retain the good will of his shop-mates, and
while he could give a satisfactory account of his shop in the way of
production and discipline.

d. Where there were a number of departments in a large factory, store
or other establishment, there would be a plant committee made up of
the chairmen of all shop committees in the plant.

e. Where plant committees were organized, it would be their duty to
designate one of their members as chairman. This plant committee
chairman would therefore be what, under present conditions, is the
general man