249, 268, 278;
scope of Berlin Decree, 152, 173, 176, 182, 253-254;
sole control of Continent by, 153, 174, 220, 221, 269;
vigorous application of Decree to American shipping, 172;
effects of his reverses in Spain, 191, 209;
Bayonne Decree of, 203;
tenor of Milan Decree of, 205;
Decree of Rambouillet, 235-236;
alleged revocation of decrees by, 237, 271, 272;
instances of arguments of, 240, 267;
effect of reverses in Russia upon the War of 1812, 389;
of downfall of, ii. 10, 123, 330.

_Navigation._
Connection between naval power and, 11, 49-52, 81;
distinction between commerce and, 11, 81.

_Navigation, Acts of._
The formulated expression of a national need, i. 9;
opinion of Adam Smith concerning, 9-10;
historical summary of, 13-19;
apparent effects of, 19;
British national conviction concerning, 21-24, 60-61;
relation of colonies to system of, 24-27;
endeavor to maintain system of, towards United States after
independence, 27, 29, 40, 41, 45-48, 103;
copied by French Convention, 28;
attitude of foreigners towards, 30;
progress of British colonies under, 31-39;
attitude of American colonists towards, 39;
Lord Sheffield's pamphlet upon, 46, 47, 49, 50, 57, 64, 65, 73 (and
note), 75;
inter-relations of British Empire protected by, 53-55, 63-64, 67;
working of, threatened by American independence, 56-58, 65;
modifications of, proposed by Pitt, but rejected by country, 58;
dependence of, upon West Indies, 65;
system of, continued by proclamation towards United States,
1783-1794, 67-70;
British commerce and shipping grow under this enforcement of, 76-84;
purpose of, offensive, in military sense, 79;
effect of French Revolution on, 87-88;
dependence of Rule of 1756 upon the system of, 90;
principle of Rule of 1756 leads up to molestation of American
navigation, and Orders in Council of 1807, 93, 98-104,
and so to war with United States, 136.

_Navy, American._
Gouverneur Morris' opinion of power of United States to maintain, i. 71;
opinion of John Quincy Adams, 186;
recommendation of Presidents Washington and John Adams, ii. 212, 213;
policy of President Jefferson, 213; i. 187, 280;
neglect of, during administrations of Jefferson and Madison, shown by
condition of, at outbreak of war, 257, 297, 300,
and stated by a committee of Congress, 1812, 260-262;
Madison's lukewarm mention, 259, 260;
Con