,
and Scandinavia. In winter the Swedish peasantry wear home
made garments dyed purple by this Lichen. By the Shetlanders
it is usually collected in August, when it is considered
richest in colouring matter.

_Ramalina farinacea._ Mealy ramalina. On trees in England.

_R. scopulorum._ Ivory-like ramalina. Scotland, on maritime
rocks. A red dye.

_Rocella tinctoria._ Orseille. Grows in the South of France,
on the rocks by the sea.

_Solorina crocea._ Saffron yellow solorina. In Scotland, on
mountain summits. The colouring matter is ready formed and
abundant in the thallus.

_Sticta pulmonacea._ On trees.

_Umbilicaria pustulata._ Blistered umbilicaria. Found on
rocks in Norway and Sweden.

_Urceolaria calcarea._ Corkir, Limestone Urceolaria. Found
in Scotland, Western Islands, Shetland and Wales, growing on
limestone rocks.

_U. cinerea._ Greyish Urceolaria. In England, on rocks.

_U. scruposa._ Rock Urceolaria. Grows on rocks in hilly
districts in England.

_Usnea barbata._ Bearded Usnea. Pennsylvania and South
America. On old trees. Stated to dye yarn orange.

_U. florida._ Flowering Usnea. Pale greenish yellow or
reddish brown.

_U. plicata._ Plaited Usnea. On trees.

SHADES OF BROWN

_Alectoria jubata._ Horsehair Lichen, Rock hair. On fir
trees in England. Pale greenish brown.

_Borrera flavicans._ Yellow borrera. On trees in Germany.
Gamboge yellow.

_Cetraria Islandica._ Iceland moss. Iceland heaths and
hills. It yields a good brown to boiling water, but this dye
appears only to have been made available in Iceland.

_Cetraria juniperina._ En-mossa. On trees in Scandinavia.

_Evernia flavicans._ Wolf's-bane evernia. On trees in
Scandinavia. Gamboge yellow.

_Gyrophora cylindrica._ Cylindrical gyrophora. On rocks in
Iceland. Greenish brown. Also G. deusta.

_G. deusta._ Scorched-looking gyrophora. On rocks in
Scandinavia. Linnaeus states that it furnishes a paint
called "Tousch", much used in Sweden.

_Lecanora candelaria._ Ljus massa. On trees in Sweden.

_Lecidea atro-virens._ Map lichen. On rocks, Scandinavia.

_Lepraria chlorina._ Brimstone coloured lepraria.
Scandinavia, on rocks.

_L. Iolithus._ Viol-massa. Sweden, on stones. Gives stones
the a