lleon_ 244
_A Canoe_ 244
_A Casco (Sailing-barge)_ 244
_A Prahu (Sailing-canoe)_ 244
_A Sugar-estate House, Southern Philippines_ 275
_Shipping Hemp in the Provinces_ 288
_Botanical Specimen_ 321
_Botanical Specimen_ 322
_Botanical Specimen_ _Facing_ 323
_Botanical Specimen_ 324
_The Old Walls of Manila City_ 344
_La Escolta_ in the Business Quarter of Manila 347
_A Riverside Washing-scene_ 359
_Dr. Jose Rizal_ 381
_Don Felipe Agoncillo_ 381
_General Emilio Aguinaldo_ 396
_Don Pedro a Paterno_ 396
_Admiral Patricio Montojo_ 430
_Admiral George Dewey_ 430
_General Basilio Augusti_ 430
_Maj.-General Wesley Merritt_ 430
_Archbishop Bernardino Nozaleda_ 430
_Tagalog Bowie-knives and Weapons_ 485
_A Pandita (Mahometan Priest)_ 534
_Rajahmudah Datto Mandi and Wife_ 534
_Santa Cruz Church (Manila Suburb)_ 559
_Panglima Hassan (of Sulu)_ 584
_A Mindanao Datto and Suite_ 584
_The Rt. Rev. Bishop Gregorio Aglipay_ 604
_A Roadside Scene in Bulacan Province_ 627

_Maps_

_The Province of Cavite_ 371
_Map of the Archipelago_ _at the end_

Introduction

"Nothing extenuate,
Nor set down aught in malice."
_Othello_, Act V., Sc. 2.

During the three centuries and a quarter of more or less effective
Spanish dominion, this Archipelago never ranked above the most
primitive of colonial possessions.

That powerful nation which in centuries gone by was built up by
Iberians, Celts, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Visigoths, Romans,
and Arabs was in its zenith of glory when the conquering spirit and
dauntless energy of its people led them to gallant enterprises of
discovery which astonished the civilized world. Whatever may have
been the incentive which impelled the Spanish monarchs to encourage
the conquest of these Islands, there can, at least, be no doubt as to
the earnestness of the individuals entrusted to carry out the royal
will. The nerve and muscle of chivalrous Spain ploughing through a
wide unknown ocean in quest of glory and a