nd services whatsoever; of course, that they held the keys
of their territory, and had a right to prescribe the terms of
naturalization to all noviciates; such a people, I say, whatever
alterations they might make in their polity, from reason and conviction
of their own motion, would not be easily led to comply with the same
changes, when required by a king to whom they held themselves subject,
and upon whose authority they were dependent only according to their
Charter; and we shall find that their compliance was accordingly slow
and occasional, as necessity compelled them to make it." (Minot's
Continuation of the History of Massachusetts Bay, Vol. I., pp. 42, 43.)

(_a_) _Note_ by the Author.--The Colony of Plymouth was established in
1620, by free consent, by the Pilgrim Fathers on board of the
_Mayflower_, without a Charter; yet that colony was always tolerant and
loyal. But the Colony of Massachusetts Bay was established by the
Puritan Fathers in 1629, under the authority of a Royal Charter; and it
was the pretension to and assumption of independent power and absolute
government, though a chartered colony, that resulted in their disloyalty
to England and intolerance towards all classes of their fellow-colonists
not Congregationalists.]

[Footnote 214: Neal's History of New England, Vol. II., pp. 480, 481.

"Sir William Phips was born, of mean and obscure parents, at a small
plantation in the eastern part of New England, on the banks of the River
Kennebeck, February 2, 1620; his father was a gunsmith, and left his
mother a widow, with a large family of small children. William, being
one of the youngest, kept sheep in the wilderness until he was eighteen
years of age, and was then bound apprentice to a ship carpenter. When he
was out of his time he took to the sea, and after several adventures, at
last made his fortune by finding a Spanish wreck near Port de la Plata,
which got him a great deal of reputation at the English Court, and
introduced him into the acquaintance of the greatest men of the nation.
Though King James II. gave him the honour of knighthood, yet he always
opposed his arbitrary measures, as appears by his refusing the
Government of New England when offered to him by a messenger of the
abdicated King. Sir William joined heartily in the Revolution, and used
his interest at the Court of King William and Queen Mary for obtaining a
Charter for his country, in conjunction with the rest of the agents, for