nst._ vol.
xxxii. (1902), 373; _Guide to Antiquities of the Bronze Age_ (British
Museum, 1904); Koenen, _Gefasskunde der vorromischen, romischen und
frankischen Zeit in den Rheinlandern_ (1895); Wosinsky, _Der
inkrustierte Keramik der Stein- und Bronze-zeit_ (1904); Walters,
_History of Ancient Pottery_ (Greek and Roman) (1905); Holmes,
_Aboriginal Pottery of the Eastern United States_ (Bureau of
Ethnology, Washington, 1899); also Holmes and Cushing in _Report_ of
Bureau of Ethnology for 1882; Wiener, _Perou et Bolivie_ (1880); Von
der Steinen, _Natur-Volkerei Central Brasiliens_ (1894); Hartman,
_Archaeological Researches in Costa Rica_ (1905); Strebel, on "Mexican
Pottery" in _Publications_ of Museum fur Volkerkunde (Berlin, vol. 6,
1899); Werner, _British Central Africa_ (1907); Fullborn, _Deutsche
Ost-Afrika_, vol. ix. (1907); Macluer, "Kabyle Pottery," _Journ. Anth.
Inst._ vol. xxxii. p. 245, and "Upper Egypt," _ibid_. xxxv. p. 20;
Myres, "Early Pottery Fabrics of Asia Minor," _Journ. Anth. Inst._
xxxiii. p. 367; Turveren Museum, _Notes analytiques sur les
collections ethnographiques du Congo_, tome ii. (1907); Cupart,
_Debuts de l'art de l'ancienne Egypte_ (1903). (W. B.*)

EGYPT AND WESTERN ASIA

_Egyptian Pottery_.--Egypt affords us the most striking instance of the
development of the potter's art. As in other countries pottery was made
even in Neolithic times, for the Nile mud forms a fine plastic clay and
sand is of course abundant. With these materials various kinds of
pottery, often extremely well made and of good form, have been
continuously produced for common domestic requirements, but such pottery
was never glazed.

The wonderful glazes of the Egyptians were applied to a special
preparation which can hardly be called pottery at all, it contained so
little clay. Yet as early as the 1st Dynasty the Egyptians had learnt to
shape little objects in this tender material and cover them with their
wonderful turquoise glazes. We have therefore to study the development
of two independent things: (1) the ordinary pottery of common clay left
without glaze; (2) the brilliant glazed faience which appears to be
special to Egypt, though it may have been the groundwork for the
technique of the slip-faced painted and glazed pottery of the nearer
East.

We probably do not possess any specimens of the most primitive Neolithic
pottery; the oldest type known to us, the black and