windmill in the midst of them; and I am confident I would get more
satisfactory returns.

* * * * *

J. A. MULLINEAUX, Cherryvale, Montgomery county: I have been in Kansas
twenty-nine years. Have 350 apple trees of various ages and sizes,
mainly Ben Davis and Missouri Pippin. Have tried and discarded the
Romanite as too small. I prefer bottom or second-bottom land, red soil,
with sandy subsoil, and a south slope. I plant two-year-old trees in the
spring, 32x32 feet; cultivate for four years, growing oats as a crop;
also grow oats in a bearing orchard. Believe windbreaks or an
Osage-orange hedge are beneficial. I tie corn-stalks around my trees to
keep off the rabbits. I never prune at all. Do not thin fruit on the
trees. I fertilize with stable litter while trees are young. Believe it
pays to pasture orchards with hogs, as they destroy worms. I am troubled
some with borers, web-worms, and codling-moth, but have never practiced
spraying. I pick by hand, and sort into first and second classes, and
pack in bushel boxes, selling at wholesale; haul to market on a rack;
make my culls into cider. My best market is Cherryvale. Never have
dried any. Do not irrigate. I store for winter in bulk in the cellar,
and am successful in keeping Missouri Pippin and Ben Davis. Price here
is $1.50 per bushel.

* * * * *

O. M. RECORD, Thayer, Neosho county: Have lived in Kansas twenty-one
years; have 400 apple trees eight years old. My land is eastern slope,
clay subsoil; I plant 20x28, first subsoiling the row. Cultivate to corn
and potatoes with a plow, common cultivator, and five-tooth cultivator,
until eight years old; then sow to clover. I believe a windbreak is
essential, and like Russian mulberry planted on the south and west. To
protect from rabbits and borers I use a wash made of soap, lime, and
crude coal-oil. I prune with the shears to balance the top properly, and
think it pays. I think varieties that grow in clusters like Rawle's
Janet should be thinned to a single specimen. I use stable litter, as my
land is a light, sandy loam and needs it. I pasture my orchard with
hogs, but not too many; if they run short of feed they will sometimes
bark the trees. I am troubled some with canker-worm, tent-caterpillar,
leaf-roller, and codling-moth. I spray as soon as the bloom is off and
twice afterwards with lime and crude oil, to kill the leaf eaters and
fungus, and have