und fuer
unmoeglich gehaltenes Princip der Einigung verschiedener Kirchen
gluecklich verwirklicht hat, darf wohl Cromwell als ihren Propheten und
vorbereitenden Gruender betrachten."--_Akademische Vortraege_, 1891, vol.
iii, pp. 55, 56.

[3] The _Argenis_ was published in 1621; but amongst the ideas on
religion, carefully elaborated or obscurely suggested, which throng its
pages, we find curious anticipations of the position of Locke and even
of Hume, just as in politics, in the remarks on elective monarchy put
in the lips of the Cardinal Ubaldini, or in the conceptions of justice
and law, Barclay reveals a sympathy with principles which appealed to
Algernon Sidney or were long afterwards developed by Beccaria. In the
motion of the stars Barclay sees the proof of the existence of God, and
requires no other. The _Argenis_, unfortunately for English
literature, was written at a time when men still wavered between the
vernacular and Latin as a medium of expression.

[4] The spirit and tendency of Locke's work appear in the short preface
to the English version of the Latin _Epistola de Tolerantia_, which had
already met with a general approbation in France and Holland (1689).
"This narrowness of spirit on all sides has undoubtedly been the
principal occasion of our miseries and confusions. But whatever has
been the occasion, it is now high time to seek for a thorough cure. We
have need of more generous remedies than what have yet been made use of
in our distemper. It is neither declarations of indulgence, nor acts
of comprehension, such as have yet been practised, or projected amongst
us, that can do the work. The first will but palliate, the second
increase our evil. Absolute Liberty, just and true Liberty, equal and
impartial Liberty, is the thing that we stand in need of." The second
Letter, styled "A Second Letter concerning Toleration," is dated May
27th, 1690--the year of the publication of his _Essay on the Human
Understanding_; the third, the longest, and in some respects the most
eloquent, "A Third Letter for Toleration," bears the date June 20th,
1693.

[5] Voltaire ridiculed certain peculiarities of Shakespeare when
mediocre French writers and critics began to find in his "barbarities"
an excuse for irreverence at the expense of Racine, but he never tires
of reiterating his admiration for the country of Locke and Hume, of
Bolingbroke and Newton. A hundred phrases could be gathered from his
correspond