n; (1 Cor. i. 10; iii. 3; xi. 18;) and we are directed
to avoid those who cause divisions. (Rom. xvi. 17.) In the Litany
we pray, "From heresy and _schism_, good Lord deliver us."

History brings before our notice many considerable _schisms_, in
which whole bodies of men separated from the communion of the
Catholic Church. Such were, in the fourth century, the schisms of
the Donatists, and of the numerous heretics which sprung up in the
Church, as the Arians, Photinians, Apollinarians, &c., the schism
in the Church of Antioch; in the fifth century, the schism in the
Church of Rome, between Laurentius and Symmachus; the schism of the
rival popes at Rome and Avignon, in the fourteenth century.

In England the chief schisms have been by the Romanists, the
Independents, and the Wesleyans.

SCHOOLMEN. The title given to a class of learned theologians who
flourished in the middle ages. They derive their name from the
schools attached to the cathedrals or universities in which they
lectured. The chief Schoolmen were, Albertus Magnus, a Dominican
friar, died 1280, Bonaventure, surnamed the _Seraphic_ Doctor,
born 1221, and died a cardinal. Thomas Aquinas, surnamed the
_Angelical_ Doctor, born 1224, was a pupil of Albertus Magnus. John
Duns Scotus, surnamed the _Subtle_ Doctor, was a Scotchman by birth,
but educated in Paris. William Ocham, surnamed the _Singular_
Doctor, was born in Surrey, in England. He, too, like Scotus, was
educated at the University of Paris, about the year 1300. Raymond
Lully, born in Majorca, 1236. Durandus, surnamed the _Most resolving_
Doctor, Bishop of Meaux, 1318.

SCREEN. Any separation of one part of a church from another. The
screens separating side chapels from the chancel, nave, or transept,
are usually called _parcloses_. (See _Rood Screen_, &c.)

SCRIPTURE, HOLY, _see_ Bible.

SEALED BOOKS. By an Act of Charles II. it was ordered that the
Dean and Chapter of every Cathedral and Collegiate Church should
obtain under the _great seal of England_ a true and perfect printed
copy of the Prayer Book, as revised in his reign (1662), to be kept
by them in safety for ever, and to be produced in any Court of
Record when required. These copies are called "Sealed Books."

SEATS, _see_ Pew.

SEDILIA. Seats near an altar almost always on the south side, for
the ministers officiating at the Holy Eucharist.

SEE. Latin, _sedes_, a seat. The scat of episcopal dignity and
jurisdiction, where the Bish