r brown,
moderately close.

The stem is stuffed or nearly hollow, slender, rigid, squamulose,
pallid, quite short.

The spores are ferruginous-brown, elliptical, 7x3.5u.

I have found this species quite frequently where an old stump had been
burned out. It is gregarious. I have only found it from September to
November but the specimens in Figure 230 were sent to me in May, from
Boston. They were found in great abundance in Purgatory Swamp, where the
grass and vegetation had been burned away.

_Flammula fusus. Batsch._

Fusus means a spindle; so called from the spindle-shaped stem.

The pileus is compact, convex, then expanded, even, rather viscid,
reddish-tan, flesh yellowish.

The gills are somewhat decurrent, pallid yellow, becoming ferruginous.

The stem is stuffed, firm, colored like the pileus, fibrillose, striate,
attenuated and somewhat fusiform, rooting. The spores are broadly
elliptical, 10x4u.

Found on well-decayed logs or on ground made up largely of decayed wood.
Found from July to October.

_Flammula fillius. Fr._

The pileus is two to three inches broad, even, smooth, with rather
viscid cuticle, pale orange-red with the disc reddish.

The gills are attached to the stem, arcuate, rather crowded, white, then
pallid or tawny-yellow.

The stem is three to five inches long, hollow, smooth, pallid, reddish
within. The spores are elliptical, 10x5u.

Found on the ground in the woods from July to October.

_Flammula squalida. Pk._

[Illustration: Figure 231.--Flammula squalida.]

The pileus is one to one and a half inches broad, fleshy, convex, or
plane, firm, viscose, glabrous, dingy-yellowish or rufescent, flesh
whitish but in color similar to the pileus under the separate cuticle.

The gills are rather broad, adnate, pallid, becoming dark ferruginous.

The stem is one and a half to three inches long, one to two lines thick,
slender, generally flexuose, hollow fibrillose, pallid or brownish,
pale-yellow at the top when young; spores are brownish-ferruginous,
.0003 inch long, .00016 broad. _Peck._

It is found in bushy and swampy places. Dr. Peck says it is closely
related to F. spumosa. Its dingy appearance, slender habit, more uniform
and darker color of the pileus, and darker color of the lamellae. It
grows in groups. The plant in Figure 231 was found in Purgatory Swamp,
by Mrs. Blackford. Found in August and September.

_Paxillus. Fr._

Paxillus means a small stake or peg.