~Lady Jane Grey~ was proclaimed Queen by the Duke of Northumberland on
the death of Edward VI., but the attempt to prevent Mary's accession was
a failure, and Lady Jane Grey was executed in 1554.

~Guy Fawkes~: a conspirator who tried to blow up the King and Parliament
in 1605.

~The unfortunate princes~ were Edward V., son of Edward IV., and the
rightful king, and Richard Duke of York, his younger brother, murdered
in the Tower by the usurper Richard III., 1483.

18. THE TOWER OF LONDON. PART II.

~Allegiance~: the duty due from a subject to his liege the sovereign.

~Lord Hastings~ was executed by order of the Duke of Gloucester,
afterwards Richard III., in 1483 for supporting the side of Edward V.
and his relations.

~ordnance~: artillery, cannon, big guns.

~antipast~: aftertaste.

~clerk~: a clergyman, a scholar, because in early times all learning was
confined to the clergy.

19. THE PILGRIMS.

~ague~: a fever coming on at intervals, with fits of shivering.

~isolation~: living away from outside communication, a lonely position
like that of men on an _island_ cut off from the rest of the world.

~Flemings~: the people of Flanders, a district now comprising parts of
Belgium, South Holland, and North France.

~Walsingham~: a place in the north of Norfolk, where was a famous
shrine.

~Glastonbury~: a small town near Wells, in Somersetshire.

~Compostella~: a place in Spain where is the shrine of St. James, the
patron saint of Spain.

~Chaucer~: the great early English poet, born in London 1328, died 1400.

~expiation~: making amends for, atonement.

~Holy Sepulchre~: the burial place of our Lord at Jerusalem, to rescue
which from the Turks was the object of the Crusades.

20. ST. BARTHOLOMEW'S HOSPITAL.

~Endowment~: money given for the permanent support of an institution,
such as a church, hospital, or school.

~Hospitaller~: one in charge of a hospital. The term is generally
applied to the Knights of St. John, who built a hospital for sick
Crusaders at Jerusalem.

~shambles~: a slaughter-house.

~Whittington~, originally an apprentice in London, became a wealthy
mercer, thrice Lord Mayor, and knighted. He died in 1423, without
children, and left his wealth for public objects, such as the one in the
text.

~Dissolution of the religious houses~, carried out by Henry VIII. in
1536-1540 for the sake of the plunder they afforded.

~Chloroform~: a colourless liquid which when inha