Jews and to Gentiles.

St. Matthew, as an Apostle, has sometimes a purse, in allusion to his
having been a publican, or tax-gatherer, and sometimes the hatchet with
which he was killed.

The other Apostles have, for symbols, the traditional instruments of
their martyrdom: St. Andrew bears the cross peculiar to him; St.
Bartholomew the knife with which he was flayed alive; St. James the
Less has the fuller's club with which he was beaten to death; St.
Philip has the cross on which he was crucified, St. Matthias bears a
battle-ax: {87} St. Jade a halberd, or a knotted club, sometimes
fashioned like a cross, with which he was slain; St. Simon the saw with
which he was cut asunder.

[Illustration: Apostle symbols--S. Phylyppa, S. Barthylimew, S.
Matthew, S. Jude, S. Symon, S. Mathyas.]

The symbol of St. Paul is the sword with which he was beheaded, and a
closed book, in reference to his Epistles. St. Stephen, the first
martyr, bears the stones with which he was killed while he prayed for
those who hurled them.

_Of Angelic figures._--It is not surprising, in view of the references
of Holy Scripture, that representations of angels should have place in
the decoration of Christian churches. "The religion of heaven is
Christianity." "I beheld, and I heard the voice of many angels round
about the throne, and the beasts, and the elders: and the number of
them was ten thousand times ten thousand, and {88} thousands of
thousands; saying with a loud voice, Worthy is the Lamb that was slain
to receive power, and riches, and wisdom, and strength, and honor, and
glory, and blessing."

Angels are included in the Communion of Saints. "Ye are come ... unto
the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to an
innumerable company of angels, to the general assembly and church of
the first-born, which are written in heaven."

It is the constant tradition of the Church that the holy angels attend
at Christian worship. It is one of the highest privileges of that
worship that we have such communion with them as to be able to say,
"Therefore with Angels and Archangels, and with all the company of
heaven, we laud and magnify Thy glorious Name; evermore praising Thee,
and saying, Holy, Holy, Holy, Lord God of hosts, Heaven and earth are
full of Thy glory: Glory be to Thee, O Lord Most High. Amen."

_The Symbolism of Colors._--In the ornamentation of vestments and of
the hangings of the Altar, as also in the general decora