selves; it must be done to establish in our institutions the
principles of universal justice; it must be done to secure the
strongest possible guarantees against future wars; it must be done in
obedience to that golden rule which insists upon doing to others what
we would that others should do unto us; it must be done if we would
obey the moral law that teaches us to love our neighbors as ourselves;
in fine, it must be done to purify, strengthen, and perpetuate a
Government in which are now fondly centered the best hopes of
mankind."

Mr. Clark, of New Hampshire, addressed the Senate on the pending
measure. He made the following interesting historical statements: "As
the traveler who has passed a difficult road, when he comes to some
high hill looks back to see the difficulties which he has passed, I
turn back, and I ask the Senator to turn back, to consider what
occurred, as I say, about six years ago. In the session of 1859-60, in
the old Senate-chamber, a bill was brought into the Senate of the
United States by the then Senator from Mississippi [Mr. Brown], who
was chairman of the Committee on the District of Columbia, a place
which my friend from Maine [Mr. Morrill] now so worthily fills--a bill
in aid of the education of the children of this District. The bill
proposed to grant certain fines and forfeitures to the use of the
schools, and also proposed to tax the people ten cents on every
hundred dollars of the property in this District for the purpose of
educating the children. That bill proposed to tax the white man and
the black man alike; and fearing that the property of the black man
would be taxed to educate the child of the white man, I proposed an
amendment to the bill, that the tax collected from the black man
should go to educate the black man's child.

"There was also a further provision of the bill, that if the District
raised a certain amount of money for the education of the children,
the Government of the United States would appropriate a like amount
from the Treasury. If, for instance, you raised $20,000 by taxes on
the people in the District, the Government should pay $20,000 more, to
be added to it for the education of the children of the District. I
moved the amendment that no child whose father paid any portion of
that tax for the education of the children should be excluded from the
benefit of it, be he white or black; but that there might be no
inconvenience felt, I agreed to an amendment tha