ong, because
taxation and representation did not go together. Those States were not
represented. Then, according to this argument, (I will not read all of
it,) we were bound to have received their Representatives, or else not
legislate for and tax them. He insists they were States in the Union
all the time, and according to the Constitution, each State is
entitled to at least one Representative.

"If the argument that Congress can not legislate for States
unrepresented is good now, it was good during the conflict of arms,
for none of the States whose governments were usurped are yet relieved
from military control. If we have no right to legislate for those
States now, we had no right to impose the direct tax upon them. We had
no right to pass any of our laws that affected them. We had no right
to raise an army to march into the rebellious States while they were
not represented in the Congress of the United States. We had no right
to pass a law declaring these States in rebellion. Why? The rebels
were not here to be represented in the American Senate. We had no
right to pass a law authorizing the President to issue a proclamation
discontinuing all intercourse with the people of those rebellious
States; and why? Because they were not represented here. We had no
right to blockade their coast. Why? They were not represented here.
They are States, says the President, and each State is entitled to two
Senators, and to at least one Representative. Suppose the State of
South Carolina had sent to Congress, during the war, a Representative;
had Congress nothing to do but to admit him, if found qualified? Must
he be received because he comes from a State, and a State can not go
out of the Union? Why, sir, is any thing more necessary than to state
this proposition to show its absolute absurdity?"

The President said: "The President of the United States stands toward
the country in a somewhat different attitude from that of any member
of Congress. Each member of Congress is chosen from a single district
or State; the President is chosen by the people of all the States. As
eleven States are not at this time represented in either branch of
Congress, it would seem to be his duty, on all proper occasions, to
present their just claims to Congress."

"If it would not be disrespectful," said Mr. Trumbull, "I should like
to inquire how many votes the President got in those eleven States.
Sir, he is no more the representative of those ele