well make a vast difference in the success of a fireman, and a
great many engine failures could be avoided by keeping the flues and
grates in proper condition.

76. Q. How should cab lamps, signal lamps, oil cans and lanterns be
cared for?

A. They should be kept clean, free from leaks and always filled and
ready for service before leaving terminals.

77. Q. About how many drops in a pint of valve oil when fed through a
lubricator?

A. About 4,500 drops.

78. Q. Assuming that five drops per minute are fed to each of two valves
and one drop per minute to the air pump, how many hours would be
required to feed one pint of valve oil?

A. About eight hours.

79. Q. Assuming that the engine is running twenty-miles per hour, how
many miles per pint would be run?

A. About 160 miles per pint.

80. Q. How many drops per minute should ordinarily be fed?

A. This will vary with the size of the locomotive and the work to be
performed. On small yard engines one drop per minute for each cylinder
is usually sufficient and one drop for the air pump every two or three
minutes. This depends on the condition of the pump and the service being
performed. For large engines in slow freight service four to five drops
per minute, and for large engines in heavy fast passenger service from
five to seven drops per minute should be fed. Air pumps in freight
service where the brake pipe is in moderately good condition can usually
be run with one or two drops per minute when handling long trains of
cars equipped with air brakes.

81. Q. Will any bad results ensue from filling the lubricator full of
cold oil?

A. Yes; when the oil gets hot it will expand and may break the glass or
bulge or burst the lubricator.

82. Q. If a sight feed gets stopped up, how could you clean it out?

A. Close the water valve and the regulating valves to the other feeds.
Open drain cock and draw out a small quantity of water so as to bring
the oil in top part of lubricator below the top end of oil pipe leading
to feed arm, then open wide the regulating valve to feed that is stopped
up and the pressure from the equalizing tube will force the obstruction
out of the feed nozzle and up into the body of the lubricator. Next,
close this regulating valve until the feed glass fills with water, then
open water valve and start feeds.

83. Q. How would you clean out chokes?

A. First, shut off boiler pressure and condenser valve; next, remove
feed valve bonnet,