portion of one teaspoonful to a glass of
water.

HICCOUGH, which is usually caused by digestive disturbances, is not
serious in healthy people, and can generally be stopped by holding the
breath, or by drinking water. If these measures are not effectual, salt
or mustard in water as already described or a teaspoonful of the syrup
of ipecac, may be given to produce vomiting. If the hiccough still
continues, medical advice should be obtained.

DIARRHOEA is ordinarily caused by an infection, or by an offending
substance in the intestines. The offending substance should be removed
before attempts are made to check the diarrhoea. When a baby has diarrhoea
four things should be done--all food should be withheld; boiled water
should be given freely; bowel movements should be saved for the doctor
to see; and unless a doctor can be found immediately, castor oil should
be given, from one-half to one teaspoonful according to the age of the
child. Similar treatment should be given to older children. Adults
should take one tablespoonful of castor oil and drink boiled water
freely, but they should take no food until the doctor comes.

CONSTIPATION has been discussed on pages 193 and 52.

COLIC is a sharp, intermittent pain in the abdominal region; it is
caused in many instances by indigestion or chilling. The following
remedies may relieve it: a hot water bag, an emetic, as salt or mustard
in luke-warm water, a Seidlitz powder or other saline cathartic, soda
mints, or a teaspoonful of syrup of ginger in hot water. Unless it feels
sore or tender, the abdomen may be rubbed up, on the right side, across,
just below the waist, and down, on the left side. Babies may be given a
few teaspoonfuls of warm water, or an enema of salt and water.

Colic may be serious. The doctor should be summoned at once if the
patient seems exhausted, if the pain is severe, if pain is increased
rather than relieved by pressure, if the abdomen feels sore, especially
on the right side, or if sharp abdominal pain is accompanied by fever,
vomiting, and stubborn constipation. If the above-mentioned symptoms are
present, no food, drink, or medicine should be given until the doctor
comes.

CONDITIONS IN WHICH THE EYES OR EARS ARE AFFECTED

STYES generally accompany eyestrain or poor general health. The cause
should be found and treated; and especial attention should be given to
correcting eyestrain, indigestion, and constipation. Hot applications
may be used