eople can be found to lift him
properly. Clothing should be removed carefully, and one should not
hesitate to cut it away if undressing is painful or necessitates much
moving.

STIMULANTS, in emergency work, are frequently misused. They should not
be given when the head has been injured, when bleeding is profuse, or
when the face is red and the pulse strong. Neither should attempts be
made to give fluids of any kind to patients not sufficiently conscious
to swallow. Safe stimulants to use are black coffee, tea, or aromatic
spirits of ammonia. Alcoholic liquors should not be given unless
prescribed by a physician.

SUNSTROKE AND HEAT EXHAUSTION are both caused by excessive heat either
indoors or out, but they differ both in symptoms and in treatment.

Sunstroke or heat stroke, usually begins with acute pain in the head,
followed almost immediately by loss of consciousness. The skin is dry
and very hot, the face is red or purple, the pupils are dilated, the
breathing is difficult, the pulse is slow, and the temperature high.

Treatment consists in sending for the doctor, removing the patient to a
cool place, undressing him and applying cold, especially to the head and
spine, or still better, placing him in a very cold bath. The body should
be rubbed constantly in the direction of the heart. Stimulants should
not be given.

Symptoms of heat exhaustion, on the other hand, resemble those of shock.
The doctor should be summoned, and the patient should be removed to a
cool and quiet place, where he should stay warmly covered in a reclining
position. Stimulants should be given, hot water bags applied, and the
other measures for treating shock should be employed.

CONDITIONS IN WHICH THE DIGESTIVE TRACT IS AFFECTED

NAUSEA AND VOMITING are frequently caused by injudicious eating,
especially when a person is worried or fatigued. A doctor should be
consulted if either one occurs often, or if vomiting is accompanied by
pain, prostration, diarrhoea, fever, or other acute symptoms. A person
who is nauseated should lie down in a cool, quiet place. Hot
fomentations may be applied to the abdomen, or a mustard paste over the
stomach. Soda mints or a teaspoonful of baking soda may be given
dissolved in hot water, and unless diarrhoea is present a Seidlitz
powder or other saline cathartic may be given. A large quantity of warm
water may be given to wash out the stomach; it is more effectual if salt
or mustard is added, in the pro