stom when sons married to raise their families, for a time at
least, under the parental roof. The mother or father was supreme
authority in the home, but they could not always control the sons,
daughters and grandchildren, and there is much quarreling and
frequently fighting. However, custom demands that a son bring his bride
to the father's house. If he does not he is called mean. When the
writer married his wedding ceremony was performed at the preparatory
school where he was then teaching, and he did not take his bride to his
father's home. He remembers that his good mother was grieved and shed
tears at this breaking away from custom. Men in the street were
inclined to look upon him with scorn.

The house that accommodates a large family is usually divided into
several rooms. There are often four beds in one large room. The reader
must understand that these large families do not give rise to
immorality. Men may be wicked in other ways, but this vice is very
uncommon.

Christians were compelled by Mohammedan law to wear poor grade
clothing. They could not wear any garments commonly worn by lords. Men
wore coarse home-made clothing something like American blue jeans of
earlier days. Women dressed in plain cloth, usually colored red. Lords
objected to their subjects wearing nice clothing. They suspected the
spirit of pride was growing underneath, and might some day resent their
authority. Christians were compelled to wear red braid on their
clothing to distinguish them from Mohammedans. It was a sin for a
Mohammedan to give the same salutation to a Christian that was given to
his own sect, so it was necessary to mark the Christian's clothing.
Only bishops and some few prominent men were allowed to ride a horse,
while other Christians must walk or ride a donkey, for the Moslems
said: "God created horses for us and donkeys for you." If a Christian,
who was riding a horse, met a Moslem, he should dismount, bow to him,
and remain off the horse until the Moslem had passed.

The per cent. of death in infancy was very large. Mothers did not
understand how to nourish the delicate life during the most trying
period. The infants were not dressed warm enough in many instances. In
other instances the clothes about the child bound it helpless and
injured it, sometimes causing death. Ignorantly, they exposed them to
contagious disease. Before the missionaries introduced vaccination,
hundreds died with smallpox. The women of the mi