ral; the Portuguese forces consisted of raw
undisciplined peasants; and the French ambassador had bought up the
best horses in the kingdom; so that the troopers could not be properly
mounted. The king of Portugal had promised to enter Spain with Charles
by the middle of May; but he was not ready till the beginning of June,
when they reached Santaran. By this time they had published their
respective manifestoes; Charles displaying his title to the crown of
Spain, and promising pardon to all his subjects who would in three
months join his army; and the king of Portugal declaring, that his sole
aim in taking up arms was to restore liberty to the Spanish nation,
oppressed by the power of France, as Avell as to assert the right of
Charles to that monarchy. The present possessor, whom they mentioned by
the name of the duke of Anjou, had already anticipated their invasion.
His general, the duke of Berwick, entering Portugal, took the town
of Segura by stratagem. The governor of Salvaterra surrendered at
discretion; Cebreros was reduced without much opposition; Zode-bre was
abandoned by the inhabitants; and the town of Lhana la Viella was taken
by assault. Portugal was at the same time invaded in different parts by
the marquis de Jeoffreville, prince Tserclas de Tilly, and the marquis
de Villadarias. Two Dutch battalions were attacked and taken by the duke
of Berwick at Sodreira Formosa. Then he passed the Tagus, and joined
prince Tserclas. King Philip arriving in the army, invested Portalegre;
and the garrison, including an English regiment of foot commanded by
colonel Stanhope, were made prisoners of war. The next place he besieged
was Castel Davide, which met with the same fate. On the other hand,
the marquis Das Minas, in order to make a diversion, entered Spain
with fifteen thousand men, took Feuenta Grimaldo in Castile, by assault,
defeated a body of French and Spaniards commanded by Don Ronquillo, and
made himself master of Manseinto. The weather growing excessively hot,
Philip sent his troops into quarters of refreshment; and the allies
followed his example. Duke Schomberg finding his advice very little
regarded by the Portuguese ministry, and seeing very little prospect of
success, desired leave to resign his command, which the queen bestowed
upon the earl of Galway, who, with a reinforcement of English and Dutch
troops, arrived at Lisbon on the thirtieth day of July. About the latter
end of September, the two kings repa