ons should be followed by the exclamation
mark. Sometimes the exclamatory word is only a part of the whole
exclamation. In this case, the exclamatory word should be followed by a
comma, and the entire exclamation by an exclamation mark.

See, how the lightning flashes!

+11. Rules for the Use of the Dash.+--1. The dash is used to show sudden
changes in thought or breaks in speech.

I can speak of this better when temptation comes my way--if it ever does.

2. The dash is often used in the place of commas or marks of parenthesis
to set off parenthetical expressions.

In the mountains of New York State this most valuable tree--the spruce--
abounds.

3. The dash, either alone or in connection with the comma, is used to
point out that part of a sentence on which special stress is to be placed.

I saw unpruned fruit trees, broken fences, and farm implements, rusting in
the rain--all evidences of wasted time.

4. The dash is sometimes used with the colon before long quotations,
before an enumeration of things, or before a formally introduced
statement.

+12. Rules for the Use of Quotation Marks.+--1. Quotation marks are used
to inclose direct quotations.

"In all the great affairs of life one must run some risk," she remarked.

2. A quotation within a quotation is usually indicated by single quotation
marks.

"Can you tell me where I can find 'Rienzi's Address'?" asked a young lady
of a clerk in Brooklyn.

3. When a quotation is interrupted by parenthetical expressions, the
different parts of the quotation should be inclosed in quotation marks.

"Bring forth," cried the monarch, "the vessels of gold."

4. When the quotation consists of several paragraphs, the quotation marks
are placed at the beginning of each paragraph and at the close of the last
one.

+13. Rule for the Use of the Apostrophe.+--The apostrophe is used to
denote the possessive case, to indicate the omission of letters, and to
form the plural of signs, figures, and letters.

In the teacher's copy book you will find several fancy A's and 3's which
can't be distinguished from engravings.

II. REVIEW OF GRAMMAR

THE SENTENCE

+14. English grammar+ is the study of the forms of English words and their
relationship to one another as they appear in sentences. A _sentence_ is a
group of words that expresses a complete thought.

+15. Elements of a Sentence.+--The elements of a sentence, as regards the