males age 15-49: 543,210 (1999 est.)

Military expenditures--dollar figure: $46 million (FY96/97)

Military expenditures--percent of GDP: 2% (FY96/97)

Transnational Issues

Disputes--international: none

======================================================================

@Singapore
---------

Geography

Location: Southeastern Asia, islands between Malaysia and
Indonesia

Geographic coordinates: 1 22 N, 103 48 E

Map references: Southeast Asia

Area:
total: 647.5 sq km
land: 637.5 sq km
water: 10 sq km

Area--comparative: slightly more than 3.5 times the size of
Washington, DC

Land boundaries: 0 km

Coastline: 193 km

Maritime claims:
exclusive fishing zone: within and beyond territorial sea, as
defined in treaties and practice
territorial sea: 3 nm

Climate: tropical; hot, humid, rainy; no pronounced rainy or dry
seasons; thunderstorms occur on 40% of all days (67% of days in
April)

Terrain: lowland; gently undulating central plateau contains
water catchment area and nature preserve

Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Singapore Strait 0 m
highest point: Bukit Timah 166 m

Natural resources: fish, deepwater ports

Land use:
arable land: 2%
permanent crops: 6%
permanent pastures: NA%
forests and woodland: 5%
other: 87% (1993 est.)

Irrigated land: NA sq km

Natural hazards: NA

Environment--current issues: industrial pollution; limited natural
fresh water resources; limited land availability presents waste
disposal problems; seasonal smoke/haze resulting from forest fires
in Indonesia

Environment--international agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species,
Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer
Protection, Ship Pollution
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Geography--note: focal point for Southeast Asian sea routes

People

Population: 3,531,600 (July 1999 est.)

Age structure:
0-14 years: 21% (male 387,786; female 364,018)
15-64 years: 72% (male 1,265,291; female 1,268,458)
65 years and over: 7% (male 109,418; female 136,629) (1999 est.)

Population growth rate: 1.15% (1999 est.)

Birth rate: 13.38 births/1,000 population (1999 est.)

Death rate: 4.69 deaths/1,000 population (1999 est.)

Net migration rate: 2.83 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1999 est.)

Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.08 male(s)/f