eagerly seeks opportunity for acts of personal kindness. It strongly
encourages love and interest in family and race. In brief, eugenics is a
virile creed, full of hopefulness, and appealing to many of the noblest
feelings of our nature.

ERNST HAECKEL

The Evolution of Man

Ernst Haeckel, who was born in Potsdam, Germany, Feb. 16, 1834,
descends from a long line of lawyers and politicians. To his
father's annoyance, he turned to science, and graduated in
medicine. After a long tour in Italy in 1859, during which he
wavered between art and science, he decided for zoology, and made a
masterly study of a little-known group of sea-animalcules, the
Radiolaria. In 1861 he began to teach zoology at Jena University.
Darwin's "Origin of Species" had just been translated into German,
and he took up the defence of Darwinism against almost the whole of
his colleagues. His first large work on evolution, "General
Morphology," was published in 1866. He has since published
forty-two distinct works. He is not only a master of zoology, but
has a good command of botany and embryology. Haeckel's "Evolution
of Man" (Anthropogenie), is generally accepted as being his most
important production. Published in 1874, at a time when the theory
of natural evolution had few supporters in Germany, the work was
hailed with a storm of controversy, one celebrated critic declaring
that it was a blot on the escutcheon of Germany. From the hands of
English scientists, however, the treatise received a warm welcome.
Darwin said he would probably never have written his "Descent of
Man" had Haeckel published his work earlier.

_I.--The Science of Man_

The natural history of mankind, or anthropology, must always excite the
most lively interest, and no part of the science is more attractive than
that which deals with the question of man's origin. In order to study
this with full profit, we must combine the results of two sciences,
ontogeny (or embryology) and phylogeny (the science of evolution). We do
this because we have now discovered that the forms through which the
embryo passes in its development correspond roughly to the series of
forms in its ancestral development. The correspondence is by no means
complete or precise, since the embryonic life itself has been modified
in the course of time; but the general law is now very widely accep