iples of Biology," vol. i, p. 74.

[56] _Ibid._

[57] Foster's "Physiology," p. 642.

[58] Op. cit., pp. 88, 89.

[59] "Natural Religion," p. 19.

[60] "Natural Religion," p. 20.

[61] Prof. Flint, "Theism," p. 805.

[62] Martineau. _Vide_ the whole Symposium on "The Influences upon
Morality of a Decline in Religious Belief."--_Nineteenth Century_, vol.
i. pp. 331, 531.

[63] Mueller: "Christian Doctrine of Sin." 2d Ed., vol i. p 131.

[64] It would not be difficult to show, were this the immediate subject,
that it is not only a right but a duty to exercise the spiritual
faculties, a duty demanded not by religion merely, but by science. Upon
biological principles man owes his full development to himself, to
nature, and to his fellow-men. Thus Mr. Herbert Spencer affirms, "The
performance of every function is, in a sense, a moral obligation. It is
usually thought that morality requires us only to restrain such vital
activities as, in our present state, are often pushed to excess, or such
as conflict with average welfare, special or general: but it also
requires us to carry on these vital activities up to their normal
limits. All the animal functions, in common with all the higher
functions, have, as thus understood, their imperativeness."--"The Data
of Ethics," 2d Ed., p. 76.

MORTIFICATION.

"If, by tying its main artery, we stop most of the blood going to a
limb, then, for as long as the limb performs its functions, those
parts which are called into play must be wasted faster than they are
repaired: whence eventual disablement. The relation between due
receipt of nutritive matters through its arteries, and due discharge
of its duties by the limb, is a part of the physical order. If
instead of cutting off the supply to a particular limb, we bleed the
patient largely, so drafting away the materials needed for repairing
not one limb but all limbs, and not limbs only but viscera, there
results both a muscular debility and an enfeeblement of the vital
functions. Here, again, cause and effect are necessarily related....
Pass now to those actions more commonly thought of as the occasions
for rules of conduct."--_Herbert Spencer._

"Mortify therefore your members which are upon earth."--_Paul._

"O Star-eyed Science! hast thou wandered there
To waft us home the message of despair?"--_Campbell._

The definition of Death which scien