with
care and intelligence; for this reason no mother should begin dosing her
child with it without consulting a physician.

REGARDING MOSQUITOES

The following is an extract from a circular in relation to the causation
and prevention of malaria and the life history and extermination of
mosquitoes issued by the Department of Health, City of New York:

Extermination and Prevention of Mosquitoes.--Mosquitoes require
for their development standing water. They cannot arise in any
other way. A single crop soon dies and disappears unless the
females find water on which their eggs may be laid. In order to
prevent mosquitoes, therefore, the requirement is simple.

No Standing Water.--Pools of rain water, duck ponds, ice ponds,
and temporary accumulations due to building; marshes, both of salt
and fresh water, and road-side drains; pots, kettles, tubs,
springs, barrels of water, and other back-yard collections, should
be drained, filled with earth, or emptied.

Running streams should have their margins carefully cleaned and
covered with gravel to prevent weeds and grass at the water's edge.

Lily ponds and fountain pools should, if possible, be abolished; if
not, the margins should be cemented or carefully graveled, a good
stock of minnows put in the water, and green slime (Algae) regularly
cleaned out, as it collects.

Where tanks, cisterns, wells or springs are necessary to supply
water, the openings to them should be closely covered with wire
gauze (galvanized to prevent rusting), not the smallest aperture
being left.

When neither drainage nor covering is practicable, the surface of
the standing water should be covered with a film of light fuel oil
(or kerosene) which chokes and kills the larvae. The oil may be
poured on from a can or from a sprinkler. It will spread itself.
One ounce of oil is sufficient to cover 15 square feet of water.
The oil should be renewed once a week during warm weather.

Particular attention should be paid to cess-pools. These pools when
uncovered breed mosquitoes in vast numbers; if not tightly closed
by a cemented top or by wire-gauze, they should be treated once a
week with an excess of kerosene or light fuel oil.

Certain simple precautions suffice to protect persons living in
malarial districts from infection:

Firs