lancholy; disordered in the
imagination.... 2. Producing melancholy...." The literature of
melancholy has been surveyed in part by C. A. Moore, "The English
Malady," _Backgrounds of English Literature 1700-1760_ (Minneapolis,
1953), pp. 179-235. In medical parlance, "hypochondria" means the soft
parts of the body below the costal cartilages, and the singular form of
the word, "hypochondrium," means the viscera situated in the
hypochondria, i.e., the liver, gall bladder, and spleen.

[3] See Samuel Clifford's _The Signs and Causes of Melancholy, with
directions suited to the case of those who are afflicted with it.
Collected out of the works of Mr. Richard Baxter_ (London, 1716) in the
British Museum.

[4] _Backgrounds of English Literature_, p. 179.

[5] See my forthcoming biography, _The Literary Quack: A Life of 'Sir'
John Hill of London_, and John Kennedy's _Some Remarks on the Life and
Writings of Dr. J---- H----, Inspector General of Great Britain_
(London, 1752).

[6] For some of this background see L. J. Rather, _Mind and Body in
Eighteenth Century Medicine: A Study Based on Jerome Gaub's De Regimine
Mentis_ (London, 1965), pp. 135-90 _passim_.

[7] _Science and Literature 1700-1740_ (London, 1964), pp. 50-51.

[8] _A New Theory of Physick_ (London, 1725), p. 56.

[9] Biberg was a Swedish naturalist and had studied botany under
Linnaeus in Uppsala; Reaumur, a French botanist, had contributed papers
to the _Philosophical Transactions_ of the Royal Society in London.

[10] _The Power of Water-Dock against the Scurvy whether in the Plain
Root or Essence...._ (London, 1765), had been published six months
earlier than _Hypochondriasis_ and had earned Hill a handsome profit.

[11] I have treated aspects of this subject in my article, "Matt Bramble
and The Sulphur Controversy in the XVIIIth Century: Medical Background
of _Humphry Clinker_," _JHI_, XXVIII (1967), 577-90.

[12] See, for example, Jeremiah Waineright, _A Mechanical Account of the
Non-Naturals_ (1707); John Arbuthnot, _An Essay Concerning the Effects
of Air on Human Bodies_ (1733); Frank Nichols, _De Anima Medica_ (1750).

[13] Hill's correspondence is not published but shall be printed as an
appendix to my forthcoming biography.

[14] I have discussed some of these works in connection with the medical
background of John Wesley's _Primitive Physick_ (1747). See G. S.
Rousseau, _Harvard Library Bulletin_, XVI (1968), 242-56.

[15] It is difficu