tchcraft.[47] Herodotus
tells us that no Ionian woman would ever mention the name of her
husband, nor may a Hindu woman do so.[48]

Frazer says that the custom of the Kaffir woman of South Africa not to
speak the name of her own or husband's relations has given rise to an
almost entirely different language from that of the men through the
substitution of new words for the words thus banned. Once this "women's
speech" had arisen, it would of course not be used by the men because of
the universal contempt for woman and all that pertained to her. This may
have been the origin of the use of different dialects in some tribes,
such as the Japanese, the Arawaks, some Brazilian tribes, and
others.[49]

Although the division of labour between the sexes had a natural
biological basis, and indeed had its beginning in the animal world long
before man as such came into existence, the idea of the uncleanness of
woman was carried over to her work, which became beneath the dignity of
man. As a result, there grew up a series of taboos which absolutely
fixed the sphere of woman's labour, and prohibited her from encroaching
on the pursuits of man lest they be degraded by her use, quite as much
as they barred man from her specific activities. In Nicaragua, for
example, it is a rule that the marketing shall be done by women. In
Samoa, where the manufacture of cloth is allotted to the women, it is
taboo for a man to engage in any part of the process.[30] Among the
Andamanese the performance of most of the domestic duties falls to the
lot of the women and children. Only in cases of stern necessity will the
husband procure wood or water.[50] An Eskimo even thinks it an indignity
to row in an _umiak_, the large boat used by women.

They also distinguish very definitely between the offices of husband
and wife. For example, when a man has brought a seal to land, it would
be a stigma on his character to draw it out of the water, since that is
the duty of the female.[51] In the Marquesas Islands, the use of canoes
in all parts of the islands is rigorously prohibited to women, for whom
it is death even to be seen entering one when hauled on shore; while
Tapa-making, which belongs exclusively to women, is taboo to men.[30]
Among the Betchuanas of South Africa the men will not let women touch
the cattle.[52] The Baganda think that if a woman steps over a man's
weapons they will not aim straight or kill until they have been
purified.[21] Among many