[Footnote 741: _U.S. Messages and Documents_, 1862-3. Pt. I, pp.
165-168.]

[Footnote 742: Adams, _A Crisis in Downing Street_, p. 389. First
printed in Rhodes, VI, pp. 342-3, in 1899.]

[Footnote 743: _Ibid._, p. 390.]

[Footnote 744: See _ante_, p. 32.]

[Footnote 745: Russell Papers. Stuart to Russell, July 21, 1862.]

[Footnote 746: Lyons Papers. Lyons to Stuart, July 25, 1862.]

[Footnote 747: Russell Papers. Stuart to Russell, Aug. 8, 1862.
Stoeckl's own report hardly agrees with this. He wrote that the
newspapers were full of rumours of European mediation but, on
consultation with Seward, advised that any offer at present would only
make matters worse. It would be best to wait and see what the next
spring would bring forth (Russian Archives, Stoeckl to F.O., Aug. 9-21,
1862. No. 1566). Three weeks later Stoeckl was more emphatic; an offer
of mediation would accomplish nothing unless backed up by force to open
the Southern ports; this had always been Lyons' opinion also; before
leaving for England, Lyons had told him "we ought not to venture on
mediation unless we are ready to go to war." Mercier, however, was eager
for action and believed that if France came forward, supported by the
other Powers, especially Russia, the United States would be compelled to
yield. To this Stoeckl did not agree. He believed Lyons was right
(_Ibid._, Sept. 16-28, 1862. No. 1776).]

[Footnote 748: _Ibid._, Aug. 22, 1862. Sumner was Stuart's informant.]

[Footnote 749: _Ibid._, Sept. 26, 1862. When issued on September 22,
Stuart found no "humanity" in it. "It is cold, vindictive and entirely
political."]

[Footnote 750: Palmerston MS. Russell to Palmerston, Aug. 24, 1862.]

[Footnote 751: The ignorance of other Cabinet members is shown by a
letter from Argyll to Gladstone, September 2, 1862, stating as if an
accepted conclusion, that there should be no interference and that the
war should be allowed to reach its "natural issue" (Gladstone Papers).]

[Footnote 752: Russell Papers. Cowley to Russell. Sept. 18, 1862, fixes
the date of Russell's letter.]

[Footnote 753: Palmerston MS.]

[Footnote 754: Walpole, _Russell_, II, p. 360.]

[Footnote 755: _Ibid._, p. 361. Sept. 17, 1862.]

[Footnote 756: Russell Papers. Cowley to Russell, Sept. 18, 1862. This
is the first reference by Cowley in over three months to
mediation--evidence that Russell's instructions took him by surprise.]

[Footnote 757: Gladstone Papers.]

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