le aid in that pacification. Those
fathers, exposing themselves to not few dangers, had the boldness to
go to some of the principal Indians, who were their acquaintances,
whom by dint of their persuasion, they succeeded in bringing back to
reason. And by their means, discussion and friendly agreements having
been introduced, those so harmful insurrections were put down.

3. But at the beginning of their insurrection, the Pampangos had
written many letters to the provinces of Pangasinan, Ilocos, and
Cagayan, which lie farther north in the island of Luzon. In those
letters they assured the inhabitants of those provinces that they
had risen with so great force that they had no doubt but that they
could gain Manila by force of arms. They besought those people to
heed the common cause, for once that the Spanish yoke was thrown off,
they could all get together in firm friendship and relations, and
maintain their liberty, by electing a king to govern them, or become
feared by the other nations under the form of a republic. Those were
counsels which like a cancer in the human body, continued to spread in
the civil affairs of those provinces, and the majority of the Indians
followed them with only too great rapidity. Hence, when the Indians
of Pampanga were quieted they were incapable of extinguishing the
fire that they themselves had kindled.

4. In Pangasinan, Ilocos, and Cagayan, the flame acquired too much
force because of the fierceness of the well arranged combustibles,
which were applied by several Indian chiefs, who endeavored, under the
specious name of liberty, to oppress in the most intolerable manner
the ones who did not recognize the blessings which they had while
they had the good fortune to call themselves a part of the Spanish
monarchy. But in order that this history may not wander into parts
that do not belong to it, we shall treat only of what happened in
the province of Pangasinan; for one part of that province, namely the
territory of Zambales, which is composed of ten villages, was then,
and is also at present, cultivated in regard to spiritual matters by
our holy Recollect order. On that account our religious necessarily
suffered considerably, and they aided in the pacification of the
Indians, as did the other holy orders in the villages entrusted to
their care.

5. At the end, then, of the year 1660, the insurgents of Pangasinan
elected as their leader an Indian chief of the village of Binalatongan,
on