and detailed
accounts of the Koryaeks, who are as nearly allied to the Chukches as
the Spaniards to the Portuguese, but yet differ considerably in
their mode of life, also that a part of these authors' statements
regarding the Chukches do not at all refer to that tribe, but to the
Eskimo. It appears indeed that recently, after the former national
enmity had ceased, mixed races have arisen among these tribes. But
it ought not to be forgotten that they differ widely in origin,
although the Chukches as coming at a later date to the coast of the
Polar Sea have adopted almost completely the hunting implements and
household furniture of the Eskimo; and the Eskimo again, in the
districts where they come in contact with the Chukches, have adopted
various things from their language.

Like the Lapps and most other European and Asiatic Polar races, the
Chukches fall into two divisions speaking the same language and
belonging to the same race, but differing considerably in their mode
of life. One division consists of reindeer nomads, who, with their
often very numerous reindeer herds, wander about between Behring's
Straits, and the Indigirka and the Penschina Bays. They live by
tending reindeer and by trade, and consider themselves the chief
part of the Chukch tribe. The other division of the race are the
coast Chukches, who do not own any reindeer, but live in fixed but
easily moveable and frequently moved tents along the coast between
Chaun Bay and Behring's Status. But beyond East Cape there is found
along the coast of Behring's Sea another tribe, nearly allied to the
Eskimo. This is Wrangel's _Onkilon_, Luetke's _Namollo_. Now,
however, Chukches also have settled at several points on this line
of coast, and a portion of the Eskimo have adopted the language of
the superior Chukch race. Thus the inhabitants at St. Lawrence Bay
spoke Chukch, with little mixture of foreign words, and differed in
their mode of life and appearance only inconsiderably from the
Chukches, whom during the course of the winter we learned to know
from nearly all parts of the Chukch peninsula. The same was the case
with the natives who came on board the _Vega_ while we sailed past
East Cape, and with the two families we visited in Konyam Bay. But
the natives in the north-west part of St. Lawrence Island talked an
Eskimo dialect, quite different from Chukch. There were, however,
many Chukch words incorporated with it. At Port Clarence on the
contrary ther