mly in the north, and established the famous council
which appointed the Duke of Norfolk their president. The council was
held in the house of the Abbot of St. Mary's. It took away most of the
powers of the Mayor and Corporation, but gave renewed importance to the
city.

The diocese was much neglected during the episcopacy of Wolsey and his
successor Lee. Both were statesmen rather than ecclesiastics. Indeed, it
is said that Wolsey never set foot in York itself, though he was
arrested at Cawood, where was one of the bishop's palaces. Lee was
employed continually on missions and embassies. He happened to be in
York, however, at the time of the Pilgrimage of Grace, and was seized by
the rebels, carried to Pontefract, and compelled to swear support to the
rebellion. The see was much impoverished in the time of Holgate, Lee's
successor (1545-1554), who supported Henry in his quarrel with the Pope.

Much of the property taken by Henry was restored by Mary to Heath, the
next archbishop, who was the last appointed by a papal bull with the
acknowledgment of the Government. Heath was deposed by Elizabeth in
1559.

In 1569 occurred another rising in the north in favour of the old
religion and of Mary Queen of Scots, under the Earls of Northumberland
and Westmoreland.

In Richmondshire and the Cleveland district the new prayer-books were
destroyed, and the old service restored. York itself favoured the
rebels, but before it could be entered a force arrived from the south
and the rebellion sank to nothing. The queen's army exacted a loan of
L500 from the citizens of York. Eleven persons also in the city were
sentenced to death. The Earl of Northumberland also was afterwards
executed and buried in York. After the rebellion the Roman Catholics in
the diocese were much persecuted. They were forced to attend the
reformed services and the Holy Communion, and their priests were hunted
down. Attempts also were made to abolish the Christmas mummeries and the
miracle plays. The archbishop of this period, Thomas Young, is accused
of plundering the estates of the church in the interests of his own
family.

Charles I. had a great affection for the city and minster of York, and
enriched the latter with many gifts. For instance, he gave L1000 to the
chapter for the building of a new organ, and out of the same the chapter
also bought some Communion plate, and a Bible and prayer-book richly
bound in purple velvet and ornamented with silver-g