idea and purpose of strengthening the achievements of the
Revolution and its further development, the Council of Workmen's
and Soldiers' Delegates has determined:

I. Representatives of the Council of Workmen's and Soldiers'
Delegates must enter into the Provisional Government.

II. Those representatives of the Council of Workmen's and
Soldiers' Delegates who join the government must, until the
creation of an All-Russian organ of the Council of Workmen's and
Soldiers' Delegates, consider themselves responsible to the
Petrograd Council of Workmen's and Soldiers' Delegates, and must
pledge themselves to give accounts of all their activities to that
Council.

III. The Council of Workmen's and Soldiers' Delegates expresses
its full confidence in the new Provisional Government, and urges
all friends of democracy to give this government active
assistance, which will insure it the full measure of power
necessary for the safety of the Revolution's gains and for its
further development.

If there is any one thing which may be said with certainty concerning the
state of working-class opinion in Russia at that time, two months after the
overthrow of the old regime, it is that the overwhelming majority of the
working-people, both city workers and peasants, supported the policy of the
Mensheviki and the Socialist-Revolutionists--the policy of co-operating
with liberal bourgeois elements to win the war and create a stable
government--as against the policy of the Bolsheviki. The two votes of the
Petrograd Soviet told where the city workers stood. That very section of
the proletariat upon which the Bolsheviki leaders based their hopes had
repudiated them in the most emphatic manner. The Delegates of the Soldiers
at the Front had shown that they would not follow the advice of the leaders
of the Bolsheviki. And at the first opportunity which presented itself the
peasants placed themselves in definite opposition to Bolshevism.

On the afternoon preceding the action of the Soviet in giving its
indorsement to the new Provisional Government and instructing its
representatives to enter the Coalition Cabinet, there assembled in the
People's House, Petrograd, more than one thousand peasant delegates to the
first All-Russian Congress of Peasants. Never before had so many peasant
delegates been gathered together in Russia to consider their special
problems. There were pre