so in a loud,
commanding tone. In three minutes he began to struggle to get out and
to complain of the cold. In six minutes and a half he had become quite
rational. He was now taken out, only partially wiped, laid upon an
India-rubber blanket and covered with a single sheet, the temperature of
the room being between 65 deg. and 70 deg. Three minutes after this the
temperature in the armpit was 94 deg., in the mouth 105-3/5 deg.; five
minutes later the mouth-thermometer marked 103 deg., and the pain and
tenderness had reappeared in the affected joints. It would be out of
place here to give further details as to his treatment. It is enough to
state that, although owing to a misunderstanding of my orders, the man
was left in a cool room for twelve hours upon the gum blanket, wet and
covered only with a sheet--or possibly because he was so left--he
recovered without a relapse or any bad symptoms.

The first case in which the cold-water treatment was practiced in the
Philadelphia Hospital was that of a woman suffering from a desperate
relapse of typhoid fever. She was semi-comatose, with a pulse of 150 and
a temperature of 107 deg. Fahrenheit: death was seemingly inevitable and
imminent. As the bath-tubs were not convenient, the order was given that
the woman be laid upon an India-rubber cloth, and be wrapped simply in a
sheet constantly wet with water at a temperature as near 32 deg. as
practicable. The nurses, aghast, refused at first to carry out the
order, but the physician's power being despotic, obedience was enforced.
About three pints of whisky were given in the twenty-four hours, besides
drugs, the whole treatment being successful.

It has been shown that excessive bodily heat is capable of producing the
various symptoms of fever, and that its withdrawal is followed by the
immediate relief of these symptoms; and since excessive heat is always
present in fever, it is a logical deduction that it is the cause of
fever symptoms; or, in other words, that it is the essential part of
fever.

It must be borne in mind, however, that the term fever is here used in
an abstract sense, to express a general diseased process, a bodily
condition. _A_ fever is a very different thing from fever. We may have
_a_ fever, such as typhoid, without the existence of fever. In a fever,
the fever--_i.e._, the elevation of temperature--is only part of the
disease, and great judgment and experience are often required to decide
how much of th