rilliant articles
that have appeared on the internal conditions of any of the belligerent
countries since August, 1914. He remained at his post until the last
moment and then left Germany a physical wreck from malnutrition. In
spite of the fact that he was an officer in the consular service of a
neutral country, with ample means at his command, and standing in close
personal relations with the authorities, he could not get enough to eat;
and what he was forced to swallow--lest he starve--completely broke down
his digestion.

On the other hand, he never ceased to observe; and having made friends
of all classes of Germans, and been given facilities for observation and
study of conditions enjoyed by few Americans in the Teutonic Empire at
the time, he noted every phase and change, both subtle and manifest,
through which these afflicted people passed during the first three years
of the war. They are in far worse case now.

Later (in November) I read an article by a German, J. Koettgen, in the
New York _Chronicle_, which was even more explicit.

Herr Koettgen is one of the agents in this country of Hermann Fernau, an
eminent intellectual of Germany, who escaped into Switzerland, and wages
relentless war upon the dynasty and the military caste of Prussia; which
he holds categorically responsible for the world war. There is a price
on Fernau's head. He dares not walk abroad without a bodyguard, and
cannon are concealed among the oleanders that surround his house. Not
only has he written two books, _Because I am a German_, and _The Coming
Democracy_, which if circulated in Germany would prick thousands of
dazed despairing brains into immediate rebellion, but he is the head of
those German Radical Democrats which have united in an organization
called "Friends of German Democracy."

Their avowed object, through the medium of a bi-weekly journal, _Die
Freie Zeitung_, and other propaganda, is to plant sound democratic ideas
and ideals in the minds of German prisoners in the Entente countries,
and to recruit the saner exiles everywhere. These publications reach men
and women of German blood whose grandfathers fled from military tyranny
after their abortive revolution in 1848, and, with their descendants,
have enjoyed freedom and independence in the United States ever since.
The best of them are expected to exert pressure upon their friends and
relatives in Germany. There are already branches of this epochal
organization in the l