ger than second, opposable or not; skin smooth or rugose having
osteoderms or not; parotoid glands present, in most species, usually
distinct and elevated; palpebral membrane not reticulate; iris uniformly
silvery white to orange-bronze with black reticulations; skull moderate
to deep, depth more than 38 per cent of length; nasals moderately small;
frontoparietal fontanelle present, variable in size; quadratojugal
reduced in some species; prevomerine teeth present or absent.

_Range._--Low and moderate elevations in South America east of the Andes
from the Caribbean (including Trinidad) to northern Argentina; Costa
Rica and Panama in Central America.

_Content._--Thirty-one species [synonyms in brackets]: _aspera_ (Peters,
1872); _ayeaye_ (B. Lutz, 1966); _bahiana_ A. Lutz, 1925; _bicolor_
(Boddaert, 1772) [_scleroderma_ Cope, 1868]; _blombergi_ Funkhouser,
1957; _boliviana_ Boulenger, 1902; _buckleyi_ Boulenger, 1882;
_burmeisteri burmeisteri_ Boulenger, 1882; _burmeisteri distincta_ B.
Lutz, 1950; _centralis_ Bokermann, 1965; _cochranae_ Bokermann, 1966;
_coelestis_ (Cope, 1874); _edentula_ Andersson, 1945; _feltoni_ Shreve,
1935; _fimbriata_ (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1923) [_appendiculata_ A. Lutz,
1925]; _guttata_ A. Lutz, 1925; _hypochondrialis_ (Daudin, 1803)
[_azurea_ Cope, 1862; _megacephala_ (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926)]; _iheringi_
Boulenger, 1885; _lemur_ Boulenger, 1882; _loris_ Boulenger, 1912;
_medinae_ Funkhouser, 1962; _nicefori_ Barbour, 1926; _orcesi_
Funkhouser, 1957; _pailona_ Shreve, 1959; _perlata_ Boulenger, 1882;
_rohdei_ Mertens, 1926 [_moschada_ (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926)]; _sauvagei_
Boulenger, 1882 [_rickettsii_ Guenther, 1897]; _tarsius_ (Cope, 1868);
_tomopterna_ (Cope, 1868) [_palliata_ Peters, 1872]; _trinitatis_
Mertens, 1926, _vaillanti_ Boulenger, 1882, _venusta_ Duellmann and
Trueb, 1967.

_Remarks._--_Phyllomedusa_ includes 1) a series of large species
(_bicolor-burmeisteri_) showing progressive specialization of the feet;
2) a series of small species having grasping feet (_ayeaye_,
_centralis_, _cochranae_, _guttata_, _hypochondrialis_, and _rohdei_);
3) a series of small, relatively unspecialized species (_lemur_,
_loris_, and _medinae_); and 4) several other species of questionable
affinities. Lutz (1966) resurrected Cope's (1866) _Pithecopus_ for 12
species (_ayeaye_, _boliviana_, _burmeisteri_, _coelestis_,
_hypochondrialis_, _nicefori_, _rohdei_, _sauvagei_, _tarsius_,
_tomopterna_, _trinit