ionary origin cannot be
said to have been yet dealt with for itself alone. Darwin's work,
moreover, is now nearly thirty years old, and to this extent antiquated,
while at best it cannot be considered as well suited for general
reading.

These considerations have given rise to the present work, in which an
effort has been made to present the subject of man's origin in a popular
manner, to dwell on the various significant facts that have been
discovered since Darwin's time, and to offer certain lines of evidence
never before presented in this connection, and which seem to add much
strength to the general argument.

The subject is one of such widespread interest as to make it probable
that a plain and brief presentation of it will be acceptable, both to
enable those who are evolutionists in principle to learn on what grounds
their acceptance of this phase of evolution stands, and to aid those who
are at sea on the whole subject of man's origin to reach some fixed
conclusion. For these purposes this little book has been set afloat,
with the hope that it may carry some doubters to solid land and teach
some believers the fundamental elements of their faith.

CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE

I. EVOLUTION VERSUS CREATION 1

II. VESTIGES OF MAN'S ANCESTRY 5

III. RELICS OF ANCIENT MAN 21

IV. FROM QUADRUPED TO BIPED 39

V. THE FREEDOM OF THE ARMS 54

VI. THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLIGENCE 68

VII. THE ORIGIN OF LANGUAGE 100

VIII. HOW THE CHASM WAS BRIDGED 111

IX. THE FIRST STAGE OF HUMAN EVOLUTION 130

X. THE CONFLICT WITH NATURE 158

XI. WARFARE AND CIVILIZATION 195

XII. THE EVOLUTION OF MORALITY 206

XIII. MAN'S RELATION TO THE SPIRITUAL 225

MAN AND HIS ANCESTOR

I

EVOLUTION VERSUS CREATION

In any consideration of the origin of man we are necessarily restricted
to two views: one, that he is the outcome of a development from the
lower animals; the other, that he came into existence through direct
creation. No third mode of origin can be conceived, and we may safely
confine ourselves to a review of these two claims. They are the
opposites of each other in every particular. The creation doctrine is as
old almost as thinking man; the evolutiona