ing in a
rich, loamy soil. Height, 10 ft.

Cheiranthus.--_See_ "Wallflower."

Chelidonium.--This hardy perennial will flourish in any garden soil;
flowers in May, and may be increased by division. Height, 2 ft.

Chelone.--Charming hardy herbaceous plants. Succeed well in a mixture
of peat and loam or any rich soil. Increased by division of root, or
by seed treated like other hardy perennials. They are very effective
for the centre of beds, or in groups. Bloom in July. Height, 3 ft.

Cherries.--A light, rich soil is the one that Cherries succeed in
best, though they will grow in any fairly good dry ground. The
position should be open, but at the same time sheltered, as the
blossoms are liable to be cut off by spring frosts. The planting may
be done at any time during November and the beginning of March, when
the ground is in a workable condition. Cherries are often worked upon
the Mahaleb stock. As they have a tendency to gumming and canker,
the knife should be used as little as possible, but where pruning is
necessary, let it be done in the summer. If gumming occurs, cut away
the diseased parts and apply Stockholm tar to the wounds. Aphides or
black-fly may be destroyed by tobacco dust and syringing well with an
infusion of soft soap. Morello succeeds on a north wall. Bigarreau,
Waterloo, Black Eagle, Black Tartarian, May Duke, White Heart, and
Kentish are all good sorts. Bush trees should stand 10 ft. apart,
standards 30 ft.

Cherry (_Cornelian_).--_See_ "Cornus Mas."

Cherry Pie.--_See_ "Heliotrope."

Chervil.--For summer use sow in March, and for winter requirements in
July and August, in shallow drills 6 or 8 in. apart. Cut for use when
3 or 4 in. high. The tender tops and leaves are used in soups and
stews, to which they impart a warm, aromatic flavour. They likewise
give piquancy to mixed salads.

Chestnuts.--To raise trees from seed sow the nuts in November, about
2 in. deep. When two years old they may be transplanted to their
permanent site. The only pruning they require is to cut away any
branches which would prevent the tree forming a well-balanced head.

Chicory.--Sow in May or June in drills of rich soil, and thin out to
6 in. apart. In autumn lift the roots and store them in dry sand. To
force leaves for salads, plant the roots closely together in boxes or
large pots, with the tops only exposed, using ordinary soil; place
in a temperature of 55 degrees, and keep in the dark. Long blanched
leave