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376. _The mind exercises no inconsiderable influence upon the
circulatory organs._ When an individual is stimulated by hope, or
excited by anger, the heart beats more forcibly, and the arteries act
more energetically, than when a person is influenced by fear, despair,
or sorrow. Consequently, the system is more fully nourished, and
capable of greater exertion, when the former condition obtains, than
when the latter exists.

377. _The quality and quantity of the blood modify the action of the
heart and blood-vessels._ If this fluid is abundant and pure, the
circulatory vessels act with more energy than when it is deficient in
quantity or defective in quality.

_Illustrations._ 1st. In an athletic man, whose heart beats forcibly,
and whose pulse is strong, if a considerable quantity of blood is
drawn from a vein, as in bleeding, the heart will beat feebly, and the
pulse will become weak.

2d. When the blood is made impure by inhaling vitiated air, the action
of the heart and arteries is diminished, which produces an effect
similar to that which takes place when blood is drawn from a vein.

378. _Hemorrhage from divided arteries should be immediately
arrested._ When large blood-vessels are wounded or cut, the flow of
blood must be immediately stopped, or the person soon faints, and the
heart ceases its action. If it is a large artery that is wounded, the
blood will be thrown out in jets, or jerks, every time the pulse
beats. The flow of blood can be stopped until a surgeon arrives,
either by compressing the vessel between the wound and the heart, or
by compressing the end of the divided artery in the wound.

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376. State some of the effects that the mind has on circulation. 377.
What effect have the quantity and quality of blood upon the
circulatory organs? Give illustration 1st. Illustration 2d. 378. What
is necessary when large blood-vessels are wounded or cut?

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[Illustration: Fig. 76. The track of the large artery of the arm. 1, The
collar-bone. 9, The axillary artery. 10, The brachial artery.]

[Illustration: Fig. 77. B, The manner of compressing the artery near the
collar-bone. A, The manner of compressing the large artery of the arm,
with the fingers. C, The manner of compressing the divided extremity of
an artery in the wound, with a finger.]

379. After making compression with the fingers, as described and
illustrated, take