owed into the soil where they fell.

The third method of combating the curculio, the method most commonly
used and most generally recommended, is spraying with arsenical poisons.
The spray most generally used is arsenate of lead. The most economical
and effective way is to add arsenate of lead to Bordeaux mixture. The
Bordeaux is mixed in the following proportions: three pounds of copper
sulphate (blue vitriol), four pounds of lime, and fifty gallons of
water. To this amount of Bordeaux mixture three pounds of arsenate of
lead are added. In place of Bordeaux mixture lime-sulphur may be used.
If the insecticide is used alone, three pounds of arsenate of lead in
fifty gallons of water make an effective spray. It is best to spray
three times, the first spraying coming just before the blossoms open,
the second coming ten days later, and the third another ten days later.
The cost is from ten to fifteen cents per tree for the three sprayings.
This cost is lessened when combined with other sprays.

While spraying greatly reduces the injuries inflicted, yet it is
apparent that account must be taken of other factors, such as the
relative abundance of insects as compared with the amount of fruit
present on the trees. With a small fruit crop and an abundance of
curculios, the most thorough spraying in the world will not serve to
bring through a satisfactory amount of sound fruit.

While spraying is undoubtedly the most important aid and, if persisted
in from year to year, may answer for its control, as its effects are
cumulative, yet it is clear that other control measures should also be
employed. In all cases which have come under observation the insects
have always been found most abundant in orchards which are in sod or are
poorly cared for and allowed to grow up more or less in weeds and trash.
Also, orchards near woods always suffer severely, especially along the
border. As opposed to this condition is the notably less injury in
orchards kept free from weeds and trash. In such cases spraying usually
given for other insects, as the codling moth, serves to keep the
curculio well under control. In fact, it may be said as a general
statement that the curculio will never become seriously troublesome in
orchards given the usual routine attention in cultivation, spraying and
pruning now considered essential in successful fruit growing. Serious
losses from the curculio are almost conclusive evidence of neglect,
which is best and mo