at last set the
convents free, they were found, with leaking roofs, and rotten floors,
almost too ruinous to be put to any use.

The Gothic revival has not been altogether without its effects in
Portugal. Batalha has been, and Alcobaca is being, saved from ruin. The
Se Velha at Coimbra has been purged--too drastically perhaps--of all the
additions and disfigurements of the eighteenth century, and the same is
being done with the cathedral of Lisbon.

Such new buildings as have been put up are usually much less successful.
Nothing can exceed the ugliness of the new domed tower of the church of
Belem, or of the upper story imposed on the long undercroft. Nor can the
new railway station in the Manoelino style be admired.

Probably the best of such attempts to copy the art of Portugal's
greatest age is found at Bussaco, where the hotel, with its arcaded
galleries and its great sphere-bearing spire, is not unworthy of the
sixteenth century, and where the carving, usually the spontaneous work
of uninstructed men, shows that some of the mediaeval skill, as well as
some of the mediaeval methods, have survived till the present century.

BOOKS CONSULTED

Hieronymi Osorii Lusitani, Silvensis in Algarviis Episcopi: _De
rebus Emmanuelis, etc._ Cologne, 1597.

Padre Ignacio da Piedade e Vasconcellos: _Historia de Santarem
Edificada_. Lisboa Occidental, 1790.

J. Murphy: _History and Description of the Royal Convent of
Batalha_. London, 1792.

Raczynski: _Les Arts en Portugal_. Paris, 1846.

Raczynski: _Diccionaire Historico-Artistique du Portugal_. Paris,
1847.

J. C. Robinson: 'Portuguese School of Painting' in the _Fine Arts
Quarterly Review_. 1866.

Simoes, A. F.: _Architectura Religiosa em Coimbra na Idade Meia_.

Ignacio de Vilhena Barbosa: _Monumentos de Portugal Historicos,
etc._ Lisboa, 1886.

Oliveira Martims: _Historia de Portugal_.

Pinho Leal: _Diccionario Geographico de Portugal_.

Albrecht Haupt: _Die Baukunst der Renaissance in Portugal_.
Frankfurt A.M., 1890.

Visconde de Condeixa: _O Mosteiro da Batalha em Portugal_. Lisboa &
Paris.

Justi: 'Die Portugiesische Malerei des 16ten Jahrhunderts' in the
_Jahrbuch der K. Preuss. Kunstsammlung_, vol. ix. Berlin, 1888.

Joaquim Rasteiro: _Quinta e Palacio de Bacalhoa em Azeitao_.
Lisboa, 1895.

Joaquim de Vasconcellos: 'Batalha' & 'Sao Marcos' from _A Arte e a
Natureza em Portugal._ Ed. E. Biel e Cie. Porto.

L. R. D.: _Roteiro Illustrad