horizontal trellis 156

26. Single vertical cordon with fruit-spurs 157

27. Unilateral horizontal cordon with fruit-spurs 158

28. Three-year-old vine ready for pruning 169

29. Vine of Fig. 28 after pruning for vase-formed head 169

30. Three-year-old vines: A, pruned for a vase-formed,
and B, for a fan-shaped head 170

31. Four-year-old vine pruned for vase-formed head 171

32. Four-year-old vine pruned for high vase-formed head 172

33. Fan-shaped vines: A, before pruning; B, after
pruning 173

34. Vertical cordon, young vine pruned 176

35. Unilateral horizontal cordon with half-long pruning 177

36. Leaf-galls of the phylloxera 205

37. The grape root-worm 207

38. Root-worm beetle 207

39. Injuries caused by beetles of the grape root-worm 207

40. Eggs of grape-vine flea-beetle 209

41. First four stages of the grape leaf-hopper 212

42. The fifth and the mature stages of the grape
leaf-hopper 212

43. A bunch of grapes despoiled by the grape-berry moth 214

44. Work of black-rot of the grape 219

45. Grapes attacked by downy-mildew 221

46. Packing grapes on a packing-table 234

47. Climax baskets in two sizes 236

48. William Robert Prince 274

49. E. S. Rogers 275

50. T. V. Munson 277

51. Staminate and perfect flower clusters on one vine 285

52. Ringing grape-vines; showing tools for ringing and
ringed vines 292

53. A grape flower; showing the opening cap and stamens 305

54. Grape flowers; showing upright and depressed stamens 306

MANUAL OF AMERICAN GRAPE-GROWING