only am
responsible for them. It is quite possible that the Administration may
differ from some of them, but I am just as independent of the
Administration as they are of me. I am not, and never was, a Republican
of 1856 or 1860, and while I have been falsely charged in Europe with
abandoning my free-trade principles, in consequence of the constant and
earnest support given by me to Mr. Lincoln, it must be remembered that a
majority of his Cabinet of 1863 had been Democrats, and supported the
Tariff of 1846. But the Tariff is a very subordinate question, compared
with the salvation of the Union. Besides, if the Tariff of 1846 was
changed, it was not until the 2d of March, 1861, and the change was
caused intentionally, by the previous withdrawal of the Senators and
Representatives of the seceded States from both Houses of Congress.

I have another answer to this charge. I was for the _free list_ of the
Tariff of 1842, as distinctly stated in my first annual Treasury report,
so as to increase our exports, especially of dyed cotton goods, thereby
producing a corresponding augmentation of our imports and revenue. That
portion of the act of 1846 was defeated by Mr. Calhoun, much to my
regret, injury, and annoyance.

Besides, the South, by its rebellion, and by thus forcing on us an
enormous Federal debt, has rendered impossible for many years any other
Tariff but that which will bring the largest revenue. Until this debt is
paid, we must have the highest Tariff for revenue, and it can be so
arranged as, while yielding, when the Union is restored, at least
$150,000,000 annually in gold, at the same time to furnish all
incidental aid to American industry that could be desired.

I have thus far discussed the question as confined to the contest
between the respective candidates for the Presidency of the United
States. But let those who think of supporting General McClellan for the
Presidency remember that, in sustaining him, they must necessarily vote
for Mr. Pendleton for the Vice Presidency. McClellan and Pendleton are
the Siamese twins of Chicago, inseparable, and all who vote for the one,
vote at the same time for the other. No voter can cast his suffrage in
this contest, except by voting for an electoral ticket, and the same
electors for General McClellan who may be chosen in any State, are to
vote for Mr. Pendleton for the Vice Presidency. In other words, if
General McClellan is chosen President, Mr. Pendleton is electe