um, of nickel, phosphorus, the common acids, and a
multitude of other substances, has led to the employment of a whole
army of workmen in the conversion of those substances into articles
of utility. The foregoing examples might be greatly enlarged upon,
and a great many others might be selected from the sciences of
physics and chemistry: but those mentioned will suffice. There is
not a force of Nature, nor scarcely a material substance that we
employ, which has not been the subject of several, and in some cases
of numerous, original experimental researches, many of which have
resulted, in a greater or less degree, in increasing the employment
for workmen and others." {1}

"All this may be very true. But of what practical use will physical
science be to me?"

Let me ask in return: Are none of you going to emigrate? If you
have courage and wisdom, emigrate you will, some of you, instead of
stopping here to scramble over each other's backs for the scraps,
like black-beetles in a kitchen. And if you emigrate, you will soon
find out, if you have eyes and common sense, that the vegetable
wealth of the world is no more exhausted than its mineral wealth.
Exhausted? Not half of it--I believe not a tenth of it--is yet
known. Could I show you the wealth which I have seen in a single
Tropic island, not sixty miles square--precious timbers, gums,
fruits, what not, enough to give employment and wealth to thousands
and tens of thousands, wasting for want of being known and worked--
then you would see what a man who emigrates may do, by a little sound
knowledge of botany alone.

And if not. Suppose that any one of you, learning a little sound
Natural History, should abide here in Britain to your life's end, and
observe nothing but the hedgerow plants, he would find that there is
much more to be seen in those mere hedgerow plants than he fancies
now. The microscope will reveal to him in the tissues of any wood,
of any seed, wonders which will first amuse him, then puzzle him, and
at last (I hope) awe him, as he perceives that smallness of size
interferes in no way with perfection of development, and that
"Nature," as has been well said, "is greatest in that which is
least." And more. Suppose that he went further still. Suppose that
he extended his researches somewhat to those minuter vegetable forms,
the mosses, fungi, lichens; suppose that he went a little further
still, and tried wh